论文总字数：32296字

摘 要

作为二氧化碳排放的主要来源，燃煤电厂面临着艰巨的减排任务。碳捕集机组可以大量有效地减少碳排放，是燃煤电厂达成减排目标的有效途径。然而，碳捕集电厂的捕获能耗高、成本大，而且碳交易市场和电力市场给碳捕集电厂的运行带来了不稳定因素。因此，有必要灵活操作碳捕集率和上网功率以实现不同电价、碳价下碳捕集机组的优化运行，从而降低集成碳捕集技术的燃煤电厂的减排成本。本课题将为市场电价和碳价变化环境下燃煤电厂碳捕集机组设计优化运行策略。评估碳捕集机组运行策略的实际性能，进而对碳捕集机组商业化运行提供指导。

本毕设研究在考虑电价、碳价变动的情况下，建立电厂基于灵活决策碳捕集水平和电厂上网功率的运行收益的模型，形成优化问题。其中，运行收益的最大化是目标，碳捕集水平、电厂的上网功率是决策动作。最后，通过优化算法中的内点法，利用Matlab编程进行CO₂限价变动敏感性试验和电价限价变动敏感性试验的仿真,分析并评估运行策略的最优特性。

关键词：燃烧后碳捕集 燃煤电厂 优化运行 电价 碳价

Abstract

As a main resource of carbon dioxide, coal-fired power plants face the difficult task of reduction of emission. Carbon capture unit can reduce carbon emission in a large scale and high efficiency, and is an effective way for coal-fired power plants to achieve emission reduction targets. Nevertheless, the capture of carbon dioxide has high supply power and expense. Also, the carbon dioxide deal bazaar and the power bazaar has brought unstable element to the running of coal-fired power stations. Therefore, it is necessary to flexibly operate the carbon capture rate and on-grid power to achieve the optimal operation of carbon capture units at different electricity prices and carbon prices, thereby reducing the emission reduction costs of coal-fired power plants with integrated carbon capture technology. This topic will design and optimize the operation strategy of coal-fired power plant carbon capture units under the environment of changing market electricity and carbon prices. Evaluate the actual performance of the carbon capture unit's operating strategy, and then provide guidance for the commercial operation of the carbon capture unit.

In this study, considering the changes in electricity prices and carbon prices, a model of power plant based on flexible decision-making carbon capture level and power plant operating power revenue is established to form an optimization problem. Among them, the maximization of operating income is the goal, and the carbon capture level and the grid power of the power plant are the decision-making actions. Finally, through the interior point method in the optimization algorithm, Matlab programming is used to simulate the CO₂ and electricity limit price change sensitivity test, and analyze and evaluate the optimal characteristics of the operating strategy.

Key Words: Post-combustion carbon capture; Coal-fired power plant; Optimal operation; Electricity price; Carbon price

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

目录 I

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 研究意义 3

1.3 碳交易市场概述及发展 4

1.3.1 碳交易市场概述 4

1.3.2 国外碳交易市场的现状 5

1.3.3 中国碳交易市场发展现状 6

1.4 碳捕集电厂简介 7

1.4.1 碳捕集技术的发展 7

1.4.2 碳捕集技术在国内外的应用现状 8

1.4.3 碳捕集电厂运行优化的研究现状 9

1.5 研究内容 12

第二章 建立碳捕集燃煤电厂的利润模型 13

2.1 问题形成 13

2.2 含碳捕集的火力发电厂的经济模型 14

2.3 模型要点总结 16

2.3.1 目标函数 16

2.3.2 变量 16

2.3.3 约束条件 17

第三章 对内点法原理的简单介绍 18

3.1 内点法简介 18

3.2 fmincon()函数用法 20

第四章 利用内点法处理经济模型的优化问题 23

4.1 概述 23

4.2 常数值集合函数 23

4.2.1 源代码 23

4.2.2 说明 23

4.3 CO₂限价变动敏感性试验 23

4.3.1 源代码 23

4.3.2 说明 23

4.3.3 运行结果及分析 23

4.4 电价限价变动敏感性试验 26

4.4.1 源代码 26

4.4.2 说明 26

4.4.3 运行结果及剖析 27

第五章 结论 30

参考文献 31

附录A 常数值集合函数源代码 34

附录B CO₂限价变动敏感性试验源代码 35

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