论文总字数：47256字

摘 要

随着电网越来越智能、发展越来越快，且电力网络所包含的元件繁多、线路结构复杂，自然因素、设备老化等都会导致电网出现故障甚至电网全停的状况。黑启动传统的电源是水轮发电机，但在水资源匮乏但风资源丰富的地方黑启动无法以水电来实行。风力发电近年在各类新能源发电形式中所占的比重日益增大，利用新能源风能来进行黑启动电网恢复对少水地区而言具有一定的意义。同时，风电用于黑启动对于缓解能源紧张、爱护环境等方面起到积极的作用。

首先，介绍了电网黑启动需要满足的条件、风电接入电网所需要支撑的方法技术和风储系统的研究现状。提出减少电压转换次数、尽可能恢复重要负荷以及选择最短恢复路径的黑启动要求。风电接入电网所要的技术支撑包括风速预测、风场f和u调整。风储分为风机与储能装置，对其类型和特点进行阐述。

其次，由风储系统研究现状选出被研究的风机和储能装置，即永磁同步电机直驱风机和全钒液流电池。分析永磁同步电机和全钒液流电池的原理，根据原理对风机和电池进行数学建模，并在PSCAD上搭建模型。用搭建的单机风电场模型与一额定负载相连，模拟仿真验证所搭建风机模型可用。

然后,介绍全钒液流电池搭配风机的组装方法，选择集中的方式组装。风电具有不稳定性和间歇性，研究储能电池DC/DC和DC/AC控制器的控制策略。进行储能电池为电源和储能电池为负载的两种不一样形式下的控制仿真；进行了以储能电池V/F控制策略为主，其他电池和风机P/Q控制为辅的风储风电场自启动的仿真。

最后，采用前k短路径法确定恢复最短路径，在选出的k条路径里分别进行过电压检验，在电压合格的输电线路里选出最短的即恢复最短路径。以系统实例进行最短路径确定和过电压检验。

关键词：储能风电场 全钒液流电池 控制策略 前k路径法 过电压检验

Study on grid restoration considering wind power participation in black start

Abstract

As the power grid becoming more intelligent and developing faster and faster, the power network contains many components and the circuit structure is complex.Natural factors and equipment aging will cause the power grid to fail or even stop the power grid. The traditional power source for black start is a hydroelectric generator.However,in places where water resources are scarce but wind resources are abundant, black start cannot be implemented with hydropower. In recent years, the proportion of wind power generation in various forms of new energy power generation has been increasing, and the use of new energy wind energy for black start grid restoration has a certain significance for low-water areas. At the same time, the use of wind power for black start plays a positive role in alleviating energy tension and caring for the environment.

Firstly, it introduces the research status that the grid black start needs to meet some conditions, the supporting methods and technologies required for the wind power of the wind storage system to connect to the grid.The black start requirements for reducing the number of voltage conversions, recovering important loads as much as possible, and selecting the shortest recovery path are proposed. The technical support required for wind power access to the power grid includes wind speed prediction, wind field adjustments for f and u. Wind storage systems are divided into fans and energy storage devices, and their types and characteristics are described.

Secondly, the researched wind turbine and energy storage device were selected from the research status of wind storage system.Those are permanent magnet synchronous motor direct drive fan and all vanadium flow battery. It Analyze the principle of permanent magnet synchronous motor and all-vanadium flow battery, and mathematically model the fan and battery according to the principle, and build the model on PSCAD. The built stand-alone wind farm model is connected to a rated load.The simulation model verifies that the built wind turbine model is available.

Then, the assembly method of all-vanadium flow battery with a fan is introduced, and a centralized method is selected for assembly. Wind power has instability and intermittency.the control strategy of energy storage battery DC / DC and DC / AC controller was studied. Carry out control simulation in two different forms of energy storage battery as power source and energy storage battery as load.Conduct wind storage system self-starting simulation mainly based on energy storage battery V / F control strategy, supplemented by other batteries and fans P / Q control strategy.

Finally, the first-k short-path method is used to determine the shortest recovery path. Overvoltage tests are performed on the selected k paths and the shortest recovery shortest path is selected from the qualified transmission lines. Use the system example to determine the shortest path and check the overvoltage.

Keywords: Wind Farm with Energy Source; All-Vanadium Redox Flow Battery; Control Strategy; Front-k Path Method; Overvoltage Test

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究目的和意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 1

1.2.1 电网黑启动要求 2

1.2.2 风电接入电网技术现状 2

1.3 风储系统分类 4

1.3.1 风机类型与特点 4

1.3.2 储能装置的类型与特点 5

1.4 研究思路和方法技术 7

第二章 风储发电系统建模仿真 8

2.1 永磁同步直驱风机的数学模型与仿真 8

2.1.1 风力机模型 8

2.1.2 永磁同步电机模型 8

2.1.3 仿真检验 12

2.2 全钒液流电池建模 14

2.2.1 VRB电池等效模型 14

2.2.2 全钒液流电池PSCAD模型 15

第三章 风电场内储能装置控制 18

3.1 全钒液流电池安装方式 18

3.2 全钒液流电池控制部分 19

3.2.1 DC/DC直流斩波控制 19

3.2.2 DC/AC变流器控制 21

3.3 含储能风场的控制 23

3.3.1 风储系统内储能装置控制方案 23

3.3.2 风储发电系统并网实例 25

3.3.3 风储发电系统自启动仿真 28

第四章 最短路径恢复与电压检验 31

4.1 前k最短路径法 31

4.1.1 算法原理 31

4.1.2 算法简述及流程图 32

4.1.3 算法验证 33

4.2 检验线路过电压 35

4.2.1 操作过电压 35

4.2.2 工频过电压 37

4.3 系统实例 37

4.3.1 恢复路径的选取 38

4.3.2 恢复路径方案电压检验 39

第五章 结论与展望 42

参考文献 43

致 谢 45

附录 46

请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：47256字