论文总字数：25761字

摘 要

随着自动控制理论和电力电子技术的发展，以及在原有电机基础上的不断发展出现了一种新型电机——电励磁双凸极电机，本文将围绕其控制展开研究。

目前大多数研究都是针对电励磁双凸极电机的组成结构、发电方式及原理、建模方案，但不足的是对其MATLAB仿真模型及PID控制方式的优化方案仍涉及不多。 

双凸极电机由开关磁阻电机而来，所以它和开关磁阻电机类似组成较为简单、机体牢固稳定性较好，但不同的是双凸极电机一直处于通电状态在整个周期都能产生有效的输出转矩 ，因此双凸极电机相对来说有更高的功率输出，适合目前的工业环境，且直接由励磁电流控制适用于当前的工业环境。

本课题主要内容介绍：首先介绍了电励磁双凸极电机的构造分析之后绘出其在空载带载两种情况下形成的磁场。接着对不同状况下的磁场进行了分析，在此基础上利用电磁学理论和有限元法分析了其不同模态下的状态并将其具体化成数学形式。利用Matlab强大的数学计算能力构成了电励磁双凸极发电机的数学模型。最后在此基础上根据现代控制理论设计PID控制器来调节双凸极发电机转速，速度低于基速时采用速度和电流双闭环控制，当超过基速后通过检测转子的角位移来实现弱磁控制。

关键词：双凸极发电机;建模仿真;PID控制

 Abstract

Doubly salient motor is a kind of emerging with the power electronics and micro

control technology rapid development of a new type of Brushless DC motor, has the advantages of simple structure, the advantages of high speed and can be run in harsh conditions. But its research mainly concentrated in the analysis of doubly salient motor magnetic circuit of the motor design, modeling and Simulation of electric power, and starter / generator principle and control etc.. For DSEM starter / generator, the MATLAB simulation model and the optimization of starter / generator starting performance optimization, still less involved.

The main content of this paper is introduced: This thesis achieves to control double salient electro-magnetic generator by improving traditional control methods and making it digital. Based on modern control theory, it verifies that it is possible and reliable to combine of modern control technology and traditional motor by digital controlling of motor with fuzzy control technology.

Modeling a double salient electro-magnetic generator should analysis its static characteristics firstly and then obtain its magnetic field distribution, flux and inductance under idle load and load conditions. Finally, after analyzing 12 different models of motor running on load condition, and using Runge-Kutta and cubic spline interpolation to solve, the MATLAB modeling and simulation of double salient electro-magnetic generator can be completed.

Based on the MATLAB modeling, this thesis achieves four algorithms including integral separation PID control, nonlinear PID control, fuzzy filter control and adjustable factor control. In order to get the experimental conclusions, it also experiments and obtains the important operating parameters of steady performance and dynamic performance in the specific control using all the control algorithms above.

Key Words: doubly salient electro-magnetic generator；simulation; PID control

目录

摘要.................................................I

Abstract................................................II

第一章 绪论...........................................1

1.1综述............................................1

1.2课题背景.........................................1

1.3应用前景.........................................1

1.4国内外研究现状....................................2

1.5论文主要内容......................................3

第二章 电励磁双凸极发电机的基本原理

2.1 电励磁双凸极发电机的基本结构和工作原理...............3

2.2 电励磁双凸极发电机的发电工作原理....................4

2.3 电励磁双凸极发电机的静态特性分析....................6

第三章 电励磁双凸极发电机的建模与仿真

3.1 基于MATLAB语言的电励磁双凸极发电机模型的建立.........10

3.1.1 双凸极发电机建模方法概述........................11

3.1.2 双凸极发电机本体模型的基本方程...................11

3.1.3 双凸极发电机带载运行时的本体模型.................12

3.1.4 双凸极发电机空载运行时的本体模型.................19

3.2 MATLAB建模中的数值分析............................19

3.2.1 微分方程组的求解..............................19

3.2.2 仿真精度的确立................................20

3.3 电励磁双凸极发电机动态性能仿真分析...................22

3.3.1 电励磁双凸极发电机空载运行状态仿真...............23

3.3.2 电励磁双凸极发电机带载运行状态仿真...............24

第四章 双凸极发电机的PID控制与仿真

4.1 PID控制器......................................25

4.1.1 PID控制理论基础..............................26

4.1.2 控制器参数的整定..............................27

4.2 参数自整定模糊PID控制器...........................28

4.2.1 模糊控制概述..................................28

4.2.2 参数自整定模糊PID控制器设计....................30

4.2.3 参数自整定模糊PID控制系统仿真模型...............36

4.3 变论域模糊PID控制器...............................36

4.3.1 变论域简述....................................36

4.3.2 伸缩因子的设计................................36

4.3.3 变论域模糊PID控制器的设计......................37

4.3.4 变论域模糊PID控制系统仿真模型...................39

第五章 总结............................................40

参考文献...............................................40

致谢..................................................42

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