论文总字数：18743字

摘 要

随着科技日新月异，现代电网用电负荷的方式和方法发生了翻天覆地的变化。各式各样的电气设备被广泛地应用于各种行业，这已经是我们生活必不可少的部分,由于它们所带有的种种特性，例如非线性和冲击性等，会在公共电力网络中产生大量的谐波，导致电网环境越来越恶劣。近三四十年来，电力系统被严重污染，而其中最主要的原因就是谐波，谐波危害已经引起社会各界的关注。当下，电力方面相关技术需要解决的问题就是如何抑制电网的谐波，降低谐波危害。而有源电力滤波器(APF)在降低谐波危害具有显著的功效，所以研究其相关的器件、原理是解决电网中电能质量问题的关键步骤。通过仔细的考虑，本文的内容主要是针对基于瞬时无功理论实现的有源滤波器。

首先，对谐波我们有许多方面需要了解，而本文先点出其定义、产生、危害，紧接着对于不同方法来控制的谐波还有它的意义进行阐述，然后接着是APF的整个发展过程。并对APF的基本原理、各种类型的分类及对应的结构组成集中全面的分析总结，得出各自的原理、特点等。其次是有关以瞬时无功理论基石的检测方法的研究。最后应用PSCAD对APF搭建模型，从而仿真。

关键词：瞬时无功理论 有源电力滤波器 谐波抑制 仿真

Design and Simulation of Active Power Filter based on Instantaneous Reactive Theory

Abstract

With the development of science and technology, the mode and method of electrical load of modern power grid has changed dramatically. All kinds of electrical equipment is widely applied in various industries, and it is an essential part of our life. Because of their characteristics, such as nonlinear and impulse. there will be large amounts of harmonic in the public power grid, and then cause the worse environment of the power grid. In the last thirty or forty years, power system has been seriously polluted. The main reason is the harmonic, and the harm of harmonic has caused the attention of the society. At present, the problem that need to be solved which is related to electrical technology is how to restrain the harmonic of the electric network and reduce the harm of the harmonic. The active power filter (APF) has the remarkable effect in reducing the harmonic harm, so the research of its related devices and principle is the key step to solve the power quality problem in the power grid. Through careful consideration, the content of this paper is to achieve the active filter based on the instantaneous reactive theory.

First of all, there are many aspects that we need to understand about the harmonic. And this article firstly points out its definition, production, harm, and then elaborates the harmonic which is controlled of different methods and its significance. Then it introduces the whole development of APF. And there are the comprehensive analysis and summary about the basic principle, various classification and the corresponding structure of APF. Secondly, there js the research on the detection method based on the instantaneous reactive theory. Finally, I wil get the software design, building the model and simulation of APF by PSCAD.

Key Words：Active power filter;Instantaneous reactive theory;Harmonic suppression;

Simulation

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 课题背景及意义 1

1.1.1 电力系统谐波基本问题 1

1.1.2 谐波的危害 1

1.1.3 研究谐波的意义及其抑制方法 2

1.2 有源电力滤波器的发展历程 3

1.3 本论文主要研究内容 4

第二章 有源电力滤波器基本原理与结构分析 5

2.1 有源电力滤波器的工作原理 5

2.2 有源电力滤波器的分类 6

2.3 有源电力滤波器的分类结构 7

2.3.1 并联型有源电力滤波器 7

2.3.2 串联型有源电力滤波器 9

2.3.3 混合型有源电力滤波器 9

2.3.4 串并联型 11

2.4 有源电力滤波器主电路形式 12

第三章 基于瞬时无功理论的检测算法 14

3.1 瞬时无功功率理论 14

3.2 基于瞬时无功理论的谐波电流检测方法 14

3.2.1 p-q法 16

3.2.2 i_p-i_q法 18

3.2.3 d-q法 19

第四章 有源电力滤波器的仿真 21

4.1 有源电力滤波器仿真模型的建立 21

4.2 仿真结果 22

总结 29

参考文献 30

致谢 32

第一章 绪论

由于非线性电力电子器件和整流装置的大规模使用，导致谐波污染的状况越发严峻，这不仅仅是对生产与生活的威胁，更是整个社会发展的障碍[1～2]。这就促使我们抓紧对相关技术进行研究，以期谐波问题得到很好的解决，这也是提高电能质量重要的一环。传统的谐波补偿方法是采用无源滤波（PF：passive filter）,这种LC滤波器由于自身存在的缺点，已经没有办法满足电力系统谐波治理的要求了，而在上世纪六十年代，APF这一作用巨大的器件出现了。这预示着解决谐波问题我们有了新的方式。现在治理谐波污染大多采用的方法是APF，所以我们要对其深入了解、探究。

1.1 课题背景及意义

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