论文总字数：24773字

摘 要

为了保障电动车的安全，电子防盗器应运而生，但是大多数报警器受限于距离的因素，通知报警信号范围有限，漏报率，误报率高，无法真正保证车辆的安全。
本课题就着眼于解决上述距离限制问题，无法做到远程报警，开发设计一款基于单片机的电动车无线防盗报警器。该防盗报警器结合了现有传统的防盗技术，无线遥控技术和GSM无线通信技术，在实现了现有防盗器无线布防撤防等各种功能的基础上，开发了远程报警功能，克服了现有的短距离无法通知车主，大大提高了防盗系统的安全性，灵活性和可靠性。采用短信报警方式，报警信号在任何有基站信号的地方都可以收到，且通信时间短，速度快。

通过目前市场上的一些防盗报警器产品的调研和查阅相关设计的文献，论证了本设计的必要性和可行性。文中分别从防盗报警器硬件部分和软件部分来详细论述整个设计过程。硬件设计从总体方案搭建入手，对无线收发模块、震动信号触发模块、报警电路模块等进行了相关的分析、选择及最终方案的确定，本设计用STC单片机作为控制单元,震动检测电路采用弹簧开关作为信号触发，红外无线收发模块作信号传输，扬声器作报警装置，GPRS模块实现短信功能。当单片机收到无线收发模块发出的预警信号后，进入预警状态，并当弹簧开关在收到外界震动影响后，接通电路,以使报警器报警，以此来威慑犯罪分子，达到保护电动自行车的目的。使用Altium Designer软件绘制出该设计的最终方案的电路原理图，通过元器件的合理布局，制成PCB版图。

最后对设计的报警器进行联调测试，测试结果表明本文设计的报警器可以有效防范盗贼，做到及时报警，无漏报，随时随地远程通知车主，大大提高了报警系统的安全性。

关键词：单片机 红外技术 GSM通信 防盗报警

Abstract

In order to protect the safety of electric vehicle, electronic alarm arises is product at the historic moment, but most of the alarm system is limited by factors of the distance, notify the alarm signal range is limited, non-response rates, high rate of false positives, can't really guarantee the safety of the vehicle.

This topic is focus on solving the problem of the limit distance ,which limit remotely alarm, and develop and design a electric vehicle wireless burglar alarm system based on single chip microcomputer. The burglar alarm is a combination of existing traditional security technology, the wireless remote control technology and GSM wireless communication technology, in the realization of the existing wireless protection removal on the basis of a variety of functions such as alarm, remote alarm functions is developed, to overcome the existing short distance result in not informing owner, greatly improving the security system security, flexibility and reliability. By way of SMS alarm, the alarm signal in any place of base station signal can be received, and the communication time is short, fast.

Through doing some of the burglar alarm products on the market at present research and reading related design documents, it demonstrates the necessity and feasibility of this design. This paper respectively from the burglar alarm hardware part and software part to the whole design process is discussed in detail. Hardware design, from the perspective of the overall plan set up, the wireless transceiver module, vibration signal trigger module, alarm circuit module and so on has carried on the related analysis, selection and determination of final plan, this design used on STC micro controller as the control unit, vibration detection circuit USES the spring switch as a trigger signal, the infrared wireless transceiver module for signal transmission, the speaker alarm device, GPRS module to realize the short message function. When the micro controller after receiving the warning signal from the wireless transceiver module, enter a state of alert, and when the spring switch after receiving external vibration effect, processing circuit, so that the alarm, as a way to deter criminals, achieve the purpose of protection of electric bicycle. By using Altium Designer software to map the final scheme of the design of circuit principle diagram, through the reasonable layout of components, PCB layout.

Finally, the design of alarm alignment is tested, the test results show that the design of the alarm system can effectively guard against thief, do timely alarm, no omission, remote notify the owner at any time and place, greatly improved the security of the alarm system.

Keywords: Single-chip Microcomputer; Infrared Technology; GSM Communication; Burglar Alarm

目 录

摘 要 I

目 录 IV

第一章 引言 1

1.1概述 1

1.2 报警器中无线技术的运用现状 1

1.2.1 红外遥控技术简介 2

1.2.2通信技术在防盗报警器中的应用 3

1.3 电动车防盗报警器的设计意义 3

1.4 本文的主要工作 5

第二章 防盗报警器硬件电路设计 7

2.1无线防盗报警器硬件结构设计 7

2.2单片机最小系统设计电路 8

2.3 电源模块设计 8

2.4 红外接收模块设计 9

2.5 检测防盗报警电路设计 10

2.5.1 震动信号检测电路 10

2.5.2报警电路设计 12

2.6 GPRS/GSM远程报警电路设计 13

2.7印制线路板设计 13

第三章 无线防盗报警器软件设计 15

3.1系统软件总体结构 15

3.2红外接收和响应子程序 17

3.3手动按键布防和撤防子程序 18

3.4 GPRS模块的SMS功能软件设计 19

第四章 系统调试 21

4.1 报警器软件功能仿真调试 21

4.2红外接收电路调试 22

4.3 SMS功能调试 23

结语 25

参考文献 26

致谢 27

附录1：防盗报警器的电路图 28

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