论文总字数：24762字

摘 要

传统能源交易在过去的几十年中主要是以一种集中式的资源配置方式来实现，其成本高、易受攻击且用户隐私难以保障的缺点已经日益显著。随着分布式电源在配电网中的大规模接入以及智能电网技术和电力市场改革的逐步发展，研究市场环境下的多主体交易方法具有重要意义。在现有的集中交易模式下，能源交易需要大量的第三方管理机构来建立和维护交易信用，产生了不必要的高成本。因此，为了促进能源互联网下能源系统的进一步发展，有必要改变现有的能源交易模式，实现分布式市场模式的转变，而不是集中管理模式。在分布式能源交易模式中，能源交易的参与者的特点是点对点、分散和多能源共同自治，而不需要第三方机构。区块链技术由于其公平性，透明性和分散性，在分布式能源交易中具有非常广阔的应用前景。目前，区块链的应用场景已经从最初的金融领域扩展到医疗，物联网，物流等领域，并开始在能源领域出现。然而，目前关于区块链在能源交易领域的应用的研究很少。现有的文献大多探讨了区块链技术在能源交易中的应用，但只是通过区块链技术实现了电力交易，并将电力视为一般商品而不考虑能源商品的特殊性。此外，大多数文献只探讨了交易过程，对能源交易系统的研究很少，这还不足以解决能源交易的实际应用问题。本文重点研究了配电网多主体交易的核心要求，研究了我国配电网的发展现状，深入研究了区块链技术和智能合约在配电网多主体交易中的应用，以及对区块链的开发平台以太坊客户有进一步的了解。在基于区块链技术的配电网多主体交易机制上提出了一个实用的程序框架。过去，基于区块链技术的配电网交易文献仅从理论上分析了其应用的可行性。对配电网交易的研究主要集中在能源优化方法和市场运营架构上，但不适用于分布式交易。在此基础上，本文旨在通过智能合约实现上述框架，解决我国配网过程中存在的问题，推动多主体交易。该机制可以实现配电网络的更有效和可靠的操作。只要它得到进一步发展和完善，这一机制将不可避免地在随后的电力市场改革和电力信息自动化浪潮中发挥不可替代的作用。

关键词：配电网；区块链；智能合约；多主体交易

Mechanism Design and Technical Realization of Multi-agent Transactions in Distribution Network Based on Blockchain Technology

Abstract

In the past few decades, traditional energy trading has been implemented in a centralized resource allocation, and the disadvantages of high cost, vulnerability and user privacy have become increasingly important. With the large-scale access of distributed power sources in the distribution network and the gradual development of smart grid technology and power market reform, it is of great significance to study the multi-agent transaction method in the market environment. In the current centralized trading model, energy trading requires a large number of third-party management agencies to establish and maintain transaction credits, resulting in unnecessary high costs. Therefore, in order to promote the further development of the energy system under the energy Internet, it is necessary to change the existing energy trading model and realize the transformation of the distributed market model rather than the centralized management model. In the distributed energy trading model, participants in the energy trading market are peer-to-peer, decentralized and multi-energy commonalities without the need for third-party trusts. Blockchain technology has a very broad application prospect in distributed energy trading due to its fairness, transparency and dispersion. At present, the application of blockchain has expanded from the initial financial field to the fields of medical, Internet of Things, logistics, etc., and has begun to appear in the energy field. However, there is currently little research on the application of blockchains in the field of energy trading. These studies explore the application of blockchain technology in energy trading, but only through blockchain technology to achieve electricity trading, and regard electricity as a general commodity without considering the particularity of energy commodities. In addition, most of the literature only discusses the trading process, and there are few studies on energy trading systems, which is not enough to solve the practical application of energy trading. This paper focuses on the core requirements of distribution network decentralization, studies the development status of distribution network in China, and deeply studies the application of blockchain technology and intelligent coordination in multi-agent transactions in distribution network, and the development of blockchain. platform. Ethereum customers have further understanding. At the same time, on the basis of fully studying the status quo of China's distribution network, the distributed network users, especially the distributed power users' distributed power distribution schemes are proposed. A networked multi-agent transaction mechanism based on blockchain technology proposes a practical program framework. In the past, the literature on distribution network trading based on blockchain technology only theoretically analyzed the feasibility of its application. Research on distribution network transactions focuses on energy optimization methods and market operation architectures, but does not apply to distributed transactions. The support technology for this system is undergoing detailed research. On this basis, this paper aims to realize the above framework through intelligent contract, solve the problems in the process of distribution network in China, and promote multi-agent transactions. This mechanism enables more efficient and reliable operation of the distribution network. As long as it is further developed and improved, this mechanism will inevitably play an irreplaceable role in the subsequent wave of power market reforms and power information automation.

Keywords: Distribution network, Block chain, Smart contracts, Multi-agent transactions

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 选题背景与研究意义 1

1.2 国内外发展现状 1

1.2.1 国外发展现状 1

1.2.2 国内发展现状 1

1.3 本文主要研究内容 2

第二章 区块链技术 3

2.1 区块链的基本概念 3

2.2 区块链的特点 3

2.3 区块链的交易机制 4

2.3.1 账户和消息传递 4

2.3.2 运行机制 4

第三章 配电网多主体交易机制 6

3.1 配电网在中国的发展进程 6

3.2 多主体交易机制的特点 6

3.3 多主体交易机制的影响 7

3.4 交易机制的设计 7

3.4.1 用户分类 7

3.4.2 交易发布 8

3.4.3 市场出清 8

3.4.4 安全校核 9

3.4.5 交易结算 9

第四章 交易机制的技术实现 10

4.1 基于区块链技术的配电网多主体交易机制流程 10

4.2 以太坊平台 11

4.3 配电网多主体交易机制合约设计 13

4.3.1 市场开放合约 13

4.3.2 竞价合约 15

第五章 实验验证 17

5.1 实验过程 17

5.2 存在问题与设想解决方案 20

第六章 总结与展望 21

6.1 工作总结 21

6.2 存在问题 21

6.3 展望 21

致 谢 22

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