电力市场下发电商竞价策略研究
2023-01-14 12:28:58
论文总字数:19869字
摘 要
20世纪90年代初以来,世界各国纷纷开始进行市场改革,通过引入竞争,来打破电力行业一百多年来的垄断状况。而我国的电力工业也已完成厂网分开,并开展了竞价上网等改革试点,但由于电力市场建设进展缓慢,深度推进改革的呼声近年日益高涨。
认识电力市场,可以从技术、经济、管理等多个角度切入,涉及体制、机制、技术及利益分配等诸多问题。对电气工程技术人员而言,充分认识传统电力系统运行分析理论与市场经济理论的冲突与融合,并熟练掌握市场机制下电力系统运行分析的新理论、新方法,是理解电力工业如何实现从垄断走向市场竞争的关键所在。
作为国民经济的基础产业,电力工业的市场化是全球电力市场环境下电力工业改革的总趋势。各发电企业本文通过对发电公司市场成员竞价行为的分析,来研究发电公司最优报价的理论模型。本文主要介绍了发电商的最终决策,并对其进行了研究,具有重要的理论和实践意义。
首先,本文介绍了电力市场的特点,分析了我国电力能源市场的运行状况,指出了其存在的问题。其次,运用博弈论(古诺模型)研究了我国能源生产企业的供应策略,并分析了电力市场的发展趋势。
关键词:竞价策略;博弈论;古诺模型
Abstract
Since the early 1990s, the power industry, which has been monopolized for nearly a century, has begun market reform to break monopoly and introduce competition in various countries and regio--ns in the world. Chinaamp;apos;s electric power industry has also completed the separation of plant and network, and carried out the pilot reforms such as competitive Internet access, but because of the slow progress of the construction of the electricity market, the voice of in-depth reform is risin-g in recent years.
To understand the power market, we can start from many angles such as technology,econoy andmanagement involving many problems such as system, mecha-nism, technolog and profit distribution. For electrical engineering technic-ians, it is the key to understand how the power industr-y moves from monopo-ly to market competition to fully understand the conflict and integration between the traditional power system operation analysis theory and market economy theory, and to master the new theory and method of power system operation analysis under the market mechanism.The electric power industry is the basic industry of the national economy. The electric power market is the common trend of the reform of the electric power industry in the world and the inevitable choice of Chinaamp;apos;s electric power reform and development. In the electricity market environ-ment, each power producer obtains market share through bidding. The research on optimization theory of bidding model of power producer will provide decision support for power producer to bid online. By analyzing the bidding behavior of the market members, the bidding trading mode and the implementation plan that conform to the law of the development of the market economy are finally provided with the decision making basis. Therefore, the research of this topic has important theoretical value and practical significance.
This paper first introduces the characteristics of the power market, analyzes the operation status of China"s power market and points out its existing problems. Secondly, the game theory (Cournot model) is used to study the bidding strategy of power generation companies in China by analyzing the development trend of power market and comparing the results of existing bidding methods.
Keywords: bidding strategy, game theory, cournot model
目录
摘要 1
Abstract 2
第一章 绪论 5
1.1电力市场的特征 5
1.1.1电力市场的公平性 5
1.1.2电力市场的公开性 5
1.1.3电力市场应扩大参与者自由选择的权 5
1.1.4电力市场的运行应有法规的保障 6
1.2我国电力市场的运行现状 6
1.2.1全社会用电量平稳增长 6
1.2.2发电量增势明显放缓 6
1.2.3第三产业用电量快速增长 6
1.3我国电力市场的发展前景 7
1.3.1电价上涨 7
1.3.2电荒 7
1.3.3煤电联营 7
1.3.4产权多元化 7
1.3.5多种产业剥离 7
1.3.6区域电力市场 8
第二章电力市场的运营交易模式及出清电价结算机制 9
2.1电力市场的运营与交易模式 9
2.1.1电力市场的运营模式 9
2.1.1电力市场的交易模式 9
2.2电价的形成机制 10
2.2.1市场出清价结算机制 10
2.2.2 电力市场出清电价的形成过程 10
第三章 发电商竞价策略的研究 12
3.1竞价策略的组成部分 12
3.2电力市场中发电商竞价的博弈论方法 12
3.2.1 博弈论的基本概念 12
3.2.2博弈论的表述方式 13
3.2.3博弈论的分类 13
3.2.4纳什均衡 14
第四章 古诺模型 15
4.1竞价策略建立的相关问题 15
4.1.1实时电价 15
4.1.2发电成本 15
4.2博弈论在电力市场中的应用 16
4.2.1古诺模型 17
第五章 竞价模型的构建与求解 19
5.1完全信息竞价模型的构建与求解 19
5.1.1多寡头非合作完全信息竞价模型 19
5.1.2竞价模型纳什均衡的求解 20
5.2电力市场多寡头发电厂商不完全信息竞价博弈的基本概念 21
5.2.1不完全信息的概念 21
5.2.2成本相关的不完全信息 21
5.3成本均匀的不完全信息竞价模型的构建与求解 22
5.3.1两个发电商博弈模型 22
5.3.2多寡头博弈模型 23
5.3.3贝叶斯均衡解的归纳 24
5.4成本不均匀的不完全信息竞价模型的构建与求解 26
5.4.1多寡头博弈模型 26
5.4.2贝叶斯均衡解 26
第六章 算例分析 28
6.1完全信息竞价模型的算例分析 28
6.2 不完全信息竞价模型的算例分析 30
第七章 总结与展望 32
7.1总结 32
7.2展望 32
致谢 33
参考文献 34
第一章 绪论
1.1电力市场的特征
电网是紧密互联的,任何一个成员的运行都会影响到电网,因此,无论是电力的生产还是使用亦或是交换都是有计划的。同时,电力系统需要时刻保持供需平衡,相互协调。电力市场有四项基本原则,即公平、公开、透明以及自由选择权的延伸与法律法规的保障,这四项原则对于确保电力供应体系保持供需平衡至关重要。
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