论文总字数：20034字

摘 要

如今电力行业高速的产业升级，使人们更加关注了电力网络运行的稳定性、安全性，变电站的安全稳定运行是十分值得住一个一个话题，变电站运行人员的素质是保证变电站安全可靠运行的重要因素,如何培训系统运行人员的技术素质也是整个电器行业的关注点。

由于电气行业发电过程的连续性以及其绝对的的重要定，停电所带来的社会问题巨大，一般来说很难进行现场培训，在现场培训条件困难苛刻的情况下，创建一个仿真变电所培训考核系统，采用仿真机技术对变电站运行人员进行常规运行和反事故培训，不断提高运行人员操作技能，是非常便捷、高效、不可替代的重要环节，并且能够使培训人员更加便捷直接的达到培训目的，更是推进了集合计算机仿真技术，继电保护技术，变电运行以及多媒体技术于一体的高度集成培训技术的发展。

本仿真系统模拟的是一座220KV变电所，具有典型的接线形式，编程实现仿真培训系统的基本功能。220KV变电所在我国分布较广，是我国电网结构中非常重要的环节，主要为城市及周边供电。

变电运维值班员在工作职责上肩负着保证电网安全稳定运行的重任，技能水平要求高，培训要求迫切。仿真变电站是利用计算机技术，仿真技术和多媒体技术，为受培人员提供一个近似变电所的工作平台和作业环境，培训学员可以在仿真设备上进行相应的设备巡视，倒闸操作，异常事故处理能力最为有效的方法。

现代变电站仿真培训系统的数学模型中要求包含仿真变电站的运行环境及周边电网。根据要求不同，周边电网仿真范围可大可小。电气一次系统就是仿真变电站的主系统或主接线，它是电网仿真的一部分，其仿真范围应包括变电所的所有一次设备。

关键词：变电所；主变压器；模拟仿真；变电技术集成发展；变电运行培训

Design of simulation and training system for 220kV substation -- main transformer simulation module

Abstract

The rapid development of power industry, the stability and safety of the whole power system put forward higher requirements, the substation operation safety and stability is extremely important, substation operating personnel"s quality is an important factor to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the substation, how to operation personnel training system and the technical quality of power system is the important topic.

Direct harm and social impact of continuity, the importance and power of electric power production to production caused by the stop operation or man-made accident phenomenon to train personnel on duty in general impossible, not in the existing training methods to enable students to get real time and authenticity of the case, the training and examination system design and Simulation of substation, routine operation and the anti accident training of substation operation personnel using simulation machine technology, and constantly improve the operation skills, is an important part of very convenient and efficient, irreplaceable, and can make the training more convenient and direct to achieve the purpose of training, but also to promote the collection of computer simulation technology, the development of the technology of relay protection, substation operation and the multimedia technology in one of the highly integrated technology training.

The simulation system simulation is a 220KV substation, with typical wiring form, programming simulation training system to achieve the basic functions. 220KV substation is a very important part of the structure of China"s power grid, which is mainly for the city and the surrounding power supply.

Substation operation and maintenance staff on duty to ensure the safety and stability of power grid operation of the task, skill level requirements, training requirements. Substation simulation is the use of computer technology, simulation technology and multimedia technology, for trained personnel provide an approximate variable electric working platform and operating environment, the trainees can conduct the corresponding equipment inspections on the simulation equipment, switching operation, abnormal accident treatment, joint anti accident exercises such as, therefore electric simulation training is to improve the operating personnel skill levels and abnormal accident processing capabilities of the most effective methods.

The mathematical model of the simulation training system of modern substation requires the operation environment of the Simulation Substation and the surrounding power grid. According to the requirements of different, the surrounding grid simulation scope can be small. One time electric system is the main system or the main connection of the substation. It is a part of the simulation of the power system. The simulation scope should include all the equipment of substation.

Keywords: Substation; main transformer; simulation; integrated development of substation technology; substation operation training

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

目 录 III

第一章 绪 论 1

1.1 研究背景和意义 1

1.2 研究目的和内容 1

1.3 研究方法和思路 1

第二章 系统设计与模块划分 2

2.1变电站仿真培训系统综述 2

2.2仿真对象及范围 2

2.1.1仿真对象 2

2.1.2 变电站的安全运行 2

2.1.2变电所仿真范围 2

2.2变电站仿真培训系统仿真界面、仿真模型 3

2.2.1 SCADA监控 3

2.2.2 一次缺陷 3

2.2.3二次异常 3

2.2.4事故处理 3

2.2.5倒闸操作 4

2.2.6线路保护 4

2.2.7母线保护 4

2.2.8主变保护 4

2.2.9五防闭锁 4

2.2.10 远动装置模块 5

第三章 变电所仿真培训系统——220kv主变压器模块 5

3.1 220kv主变压器综述 5

3.2 220kv主变压器主要故障类型 5

3.2.1变压器油箱内部故障 5

3.2.1 变压器油箱外部故障 5

3.3 220kv主变压器的异常工作状态 5

3.4 主变压器主要一次缺陷 6

3.4.1主变油位严重下降低于下限 6

3.4.2主变中性点刀闸套管有放电痕迹 6

3.5 220kv变压器保护配置 6

3.6 220kv主变压器保护动作逻辑 7

3.6.1 短路 7

3.6.2 断路 8

3.6.3 主变压器保护动作逻辑 8

3.7 220kv主变压器继电保护处理及其原理 8

3.7.1 差动保护 8

3.7.2 瓦斯保护 9

3.7.3 后备保护 9

第四章 功能设计 10

4.1 系统简介 10

4.1.1 主界面 10

4.1.2模块检测界面 10

4.1.3 模块检修界面 11

4.1.4故障设置界面 11

4.1.5 消息提示界面 11

4.2. 功能实现思路 11

4.2.1主界面实现 11

4.2.2模块检测界面实现 11

4.2.3模块检修界面实现 11

4.2.4故障设置界面实现 11

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