论文总字数：23666字

摘 要

随着社会的快速发展，人们的生活水平提高了，让人们在安全方面的意识也提高了很多，对安全设备的意识也提高了很多，因此针对防盗系统的研究也愈加增多。现如今很多小区，大型商场等重要场所都安装了防盗报警系统。而正是这些系统的研究使得单片机技术迅速活跃在各个领域，我们的身边已随处可见它的踪迹。本次系统便是利用单片机来进行设计的。

本次设计的以AT89C51单片机为核心，通过热释红外线传感器，采用74LS373地址锁存器，MAX708电源控制芯片，8255A接口芯片等元件的结合来对报警器的硬件和软件系统进行设计，并用LED数码显示器观察数据的变化，实现系统的智能化控制。在本次设计中，利用红外接收电路将红外光先转为电信号，再解调出无线发射电路所需要的调制信号。当在无人遮挡红外光的情况下，整个系统是处于监控状态，有人挡住了红外光，此时，PLL处于丢失锁定状态，输出高，无线传输电路连接，监控器室可以接收相关信息，并确认。最终发出警报声。

本论文详细的叙述了报警系统的硬件电路与软件部分的设计。硬件部分主要通过热释红外线传感器，探测人体特有的红外线来检测盗窃状况，并将监测结果的数据传输给单片机，经单片机处理后由LED显示器显示室内实时情况。软件部分用C语言进行编写，再进行软件调试，在确认无误后传输至单片机系统调试实现本设计各项功能。

关键词：AT89C51单片机，热释红外线传感器，智能防盗，LED显示

Abstract: Nowadays, with the rapid development of society, people"s living standard is rapidly improved, people"s awareness of safety has also increased a lot, and awareness of safety equipment has also increased a lot, so the research on anti-theft system has also increased.Nowadays, many residential areas, large shopping malls and other important places have installed anti-theft alarm systems.And it is the research of these systems that makes SCM technology active in all fields rapidly, and its trace can be seen everywhere around us.This time, we will use SCM to design the anti-theft alarm system.

This design is based on AT89C51 single chip microcomputer. through pyroelectric infrared sensor, the hardware and software system of the alarm is designed by combining 74ls373 address latch, max 708 power control chip, 8255a interface chip and other components, infrared receiver circuit is used to convert infrared light into electrical signals first, and then demodulate the modulated signals required by wireless transmitter circuit.When infrared light is blocked by no one, the whole system is in a monitoring state. when infrared light is blocked by someone, the phase locked loop is in an unlocked state, so the monitoring room can receive relevant information, confirm it, and finally send out an alarm.

This paper describes in detail the design of hardware circuit and software part of alarm system.The hardware part mainly detects the theft situation by detecting the infrared ray peculiar to human body through the pyroelectric infrared sensor, and transmits the data of the monitoring results to the single chip microcomputer, and after being processed by the single chip microcomputer, the led display displays the indoor real-time situation.The software part is written in c language, and then the software is debugged, which is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer system for debugging and realizing various functions of this design after being confirmed to be correct.

KEYWORDS:AT89C51 microcomputer，Thermoluminescence infrared sensor，F-Secure Mobile Security，LED display

目录

1 绪论 1

1.1选题背景 1

1.2课题简介 1

1.3本文需做工作 2

1.4方案选择论证 2

1.4.1单片机的选用 2

1.4.2显示器的选用 2

1.4.3防盗报警传感器的选用 2

2 硬件系统的设计 4

2.1硬件系统总体设计 4

2.2 AT89C51芯片的介绍 4

2.2.1引脚功能 5

2.3 电源芯片MAX708简介 7

2.3.1 89C51单片机复位设置 7

2.4 8255A芯片简介 8

2.4.1 8255A芯片的引脚及结构 8

2.4.2 8255芯片的工作方式 10

2.4.3 8255芯片的控制字 12

2.5 单片机与8255A芯片的接口电路 12

2.6显示部分 13

2.6.1七段显示译码器 13

2.6.2 7448译码驱动 14

2.6.3 AT89C51、7448译码驱动器、LED三者的连接 15

2.7外部地址锁存器 15

3 检测信号放大电路设计 17

3.1热释红外线传感器典型电路 17

3.2红外光敏二极管警灯电路 18

3.2.1光敏二极管控制电路 19

3.3红外线探测信号放大电路设计 19

3.4光电耦合器驱动接口电路 21

3.5集成电路运算放大器 22

3.6 INA105精密多功能运算放大器 23

3.7 LM358低功耗、双运算放大器 25

4 电源设计 27

4.1单片机系统电源 27

4.2检测部分电源 27

5 软件设计 29

5.1主程序设计 29

5.2核对子程序设计 30

5.3中断子程序设计 30

5.4读数子程序设计 31

5.5程序设计说明 31

6 调试 32

6.1安装调试 32

6.2音响驱动线路具体连接 32

6.3程序执行过程 32

结论 34

参考文献 35

致谢 36

附录： 37

一、程序设计说明： 37

二、程序清单： 38

1 绪论

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