摘 要 在现代工业制造领域，PAC逐步发展，是近年来自动化领域的发展趋势之一。与PLC相比，PAC的应用更加灵活，更能适应生产状况多变的生产线，在工业信息领域都显示了其强大的优势。模拟量的输入输出是工业生产过程中最重要的测量环节之一。模拟量输入输出模块存在硬件误差因素和软件误差因素，模拟量输入输出存在较大误差，需要对输入输出信号进行校准，校准后才能将信号传递给下一个环节，以此来减少控制信号的误差。传统的模拟量校准都是人工校准，校准过程费时费力、效率低下，而且由于人工的疏忽，准确性很低，很大程度上限制了生产进度和设备的发展。随着硬件和软件功能的完善，自动校准成为可能。自动校准系统通过模拟量输入输出模块采集的数据经过上位机实现曲线拟合后，固化校准参数，达到自动校准功能，校准速度快，精度高。本论文是基于PAC控制器的模拟量输入输出模块自动校准装置设置，根据自动校准的要求，设计一块自动校准的电路板，从下位机硬件和软件的层面，用KEIL软件开发下位机嵌入式程序，并通过J-Link进行在线调试，最后结合基于QT平台编写的上位机程序，完成一套模拟量输入输出的全自动校准装置。 关键字：PAC；模拟量输入输出；自动校准；嵌入式开发 Abstract In the field of modern industrial manufacturing, PAC has been developing step by step, which is one of the trends in the field of automation in recent years. Compared with PLC, the application of PAC is more flexible and more suitable for production lines with changeable production conditions. It shows its strong advantages in the field of industrial information. Analog input and output is one of the most important measurement links in the industrial production process. The analog input and output module has the hardware error factor and the software error factor, the analog input and output has large error. It needs to calibrate the input and output signal, and can transfer the signal to the next link after calibration, in order to reduce the control signal error. The traditional calibration is manual calibration. The calibration process is time-consuming, laborious and inefficient, and the accuracy is very low because of artificial negligence, which greatly limits the progress of production and the development of equipment. With the improvement of hardware and software functions, automatic calibration is possible. The automatic calibration system can solidify the calibration parameters and achieve the automatic calibration function by using the data collected by the analog input and output module through the upper computer to achieve the curve fitting, and the calibration speed is fast and the precision is high. This paper is based on the automatic calibration device setting of analog input and output module based on PAC controller. According to the requirements of automatic calibration, an automatic calibrated circuit board is designed. From the level of hardware and software of the lower machine, the embedded program of the lower machine is developed with the software of KEIL, and the on-line debugging is carried out through J-Link. Finally, it is based on the QT The upper computer program written by the platform completes a set of automatic calibration device for analog input and output. Key words: PAC；Analog input and output；Automatic calibration；Embedded development 目 录 摘要 I Abstract II 1 绪论 1 1.1背景及意义 1 1.1.1自动测试背景意义 1 1.1.2 PAC技术发展背景 2 1.2国内外发展现状 4 1.2.1国外发展情况 4 1.2.2国内发展状况 5 1.3课题的提出 6 1.4本论文主要研究内容和章节安排 6 2 自动校准系统框架 8 2.1需求分析 8 2.1.1 传统校准与自动校准分析 8 2.1.3自动校准系统需达到的性能指标 10 2.2系统框架体系 11 2.3相关技术分析 12 2.3.1 A/D和D/A技术 12 2.3.2通信技术 13 2.4本章小结 15 3 自动校准系统的硬件设计 16 3.1中心模块——STM32F407 16 3.2电源模块 17 3.2.1 一级电源 17 3.2.2 二级电源 18 3.3模拟量输入模块 19 3.4模拟量输出模块 21 3.5通信模块 22 3.5.1 RS232串口通信 22 3.5.2 RS485串口通信 24 3.5.3以太网通信 25 3.6本章小结 27 4 自动校准系统的软件设计 28 4.1校准装置软件流程设计 28 4.2模拟量输入输出软件设计 29 4.2.1模拟量输入 29 4.2.2模拟量输出 30 4.3通信模块软件设计 32 4.3.1通信数据帧格式设计 32 4.3.2 串口通信 34 4.3.3网口通信 35 4.5校准层软件设计 37 4.6本章小结 38 5 自动校准系统的测试与结果分析 39 5.1上位机软件简介 39 5.2实验过程 39 5.3结果和误差分析 44 5.4实用性分析 44 5.5本章小结 44 6 总结与展望 45 参考文献 46 致谢 48 附录 49 1 绪论 1.1背景及意义