黄岛油库着火爆炸事故分析及启示研究毕业论文
2021-06-24 21:35:50
摘 要
油库作为储存燃油的基地,是用来接收,储存和发放原油或原油产品的企业和单位,是协调原油生产、原油加工、成品油供应及运输的纽带,是国家石油储备和供应的基地,它具有接卸,储运,转输,发货的功能[1] 。油库储存的都是石油或及其产品,具有易燃、易爆、易挥发和流动性等特点,因此对油库的设备、技术和管理要求很高。及时发现和排除油库运行过程中的不安全因素,防止各种事故的发生,有十分重要的意义。
本文对黄岛油库油库事故进行研究,分析事故发生的原因,发生的概率和后果损失,总结油库事故发生的特点及规律,对此做出研究与分析,提出预防油库事故发生的技术和管理对策。
关键词:油库事故 事故树 安全分析 管理技术 管理对策
Abstract
Operation is as oil fuel storage base and is used for receiving, storage and distribution of crude oil or crude oil production enterprises and units, is to coordinate the production of crude oil, crude oil processing, refined oil supply and transportation link, is the national oil reserve and supply base, it is shouldering the loading and unloading, storage, transfer, delivery task 1. Depot are petroleum and its products, is flammable, explosive, volatile, and liquidity characteristics, so the oil depot equipment, technology and management requirements are very high. Timely detection and eliminate unsafe factors during the operation of the oil depot, prevent the occurrence of accidents, has very important significance.
In this paper ,Huangdao Oil Depot accidents was investigated. The analysis of the reasons for its occurrence, probability of occurrence and consequences of the loss, summarize the characteristics and regularity of the oil depot accident, make corresponding analysis and countermeasures, to prevent oil depot accident of technical and management countermeasures are proposed.
Key words:oil depot accident, accident tree, management technique , safety countermeasures.
目 录
- 绪论......................................................................................................................1
1.1 研究背景和意义..................................................................................................1
1.2 国内外研究现状..................................................................................................1
1.2.1国内研究现状................................................................................................2
1.2.2国外研究现状................................................................................................3
1.3 论文研究的主要内容及方法..............................................................................4
1.3.1 论文研究的主要内容...................................................................................4
1.3.2 论文研究的方法...........................................................................................4
- 黄岛油库着火爆炸的原因及后果损失..............................................................5
2.1 黄岛油库着火爆炸的原因..................................................................................5
2.1.1 黄岛油库火灾事故发生的基本经过...........................................................5
2.1.2 油库的选址及设计.......................................................................................5
2.1.3 油库日常管理中的漏洞...............................................................................8
2.1.4 应急处理过程中...........................................................................................9
2.2 黄岛油库事故的后果损失..................................................................................10
- 分析黄岛油库事故及发生的概率......................................................................11
3.1 安全分析的必要性..............................................................................................11
3.2 分析方法的选取..................................................................................................11
3.3 事故发生的概率..................................................................................................12
3.4 事故树法的不足..................................................................................................14
- 油库事故发生的特点及规律................................................................................15
4.1 事故发生的特点....................................................................................................15
4.2 事故发生的规律....................................................................................................18
- 预防事故发生的技术及管理对策........................................................................20
5.1 预防技术................................................................................................................20
5.2 管理对策................................................................................................................21
- 结论与展望............................................................................................................24
6.1 结论........................................................................................................................24
6.2 展望........................................................................................................................24
参考文献...........................................................................................................................25
致谢...................................................................................................................................26
- 绪论
1.1 研究背景和意义
油库作为储存燃油的基地,是用来接收,储存和发放原油或原油产品的企业和单位,是协调原油生产、原油加工、成品油供应及运输的纽带,是国家石油储备和供应的基地,它肩负着接卸,储运,转输,发货的重任[1] 。因为油品十分容易发生燃烧和爆炸,管理和操作过程十分危险,所以做好油库的安全管理工作,做好防火、防爆的安全管理工作是十分重要。制定油库消防预案编制与修订督查管理的必要性和紧迫性, 解决存在问题的对策措施的重要性。
以往各个油库事故的造成的人员、设备损失留下了许多深刻的教训。因此让人们了解油库安全的各类知识,在以往事故中得到教训,怎样做好油库的安全管理工作,分析油库事故发生的原因,研究油库事故的规律及特点十分重要。影响油库安全的主要因素有人的不安全行为、物的不安全状态、环境因素、管理因素,而事故现场的应急处置将影响事故的严重程度[3]。为确保油库的安全稳定,必须坚持“安全第一,预防为主”的方针,坚持“软件”、“硬件”一起抓,夯实职工综合素质、设备、管理等基础工作,统筹兼顾,协调发展,从根本上提高油库安全管理水平,确保油库安全运行[3]。