论文总字数：32020字

摘 要

改革开放以来，我国经济飞速发展，建筑数量随之不断提高，建筑能耗在全国总能源消耗中占比不断提高。十九大以来提出要经济要由高速增长阶段转至高质量增长阶段，这对能源的需求进一步提升。以此为背景，提出合理的公共建筑建筑节能计划可以直接、有效地缓解能源紧张，解决社会经济发展和能源供应不足和环境恶化的有效途径。

本文以广州地区一栋宾馆建筑为例，通过Energyplus建筑能耗模拟软件研究该建筑在广州地区一年中的能耗类型占比，并对外墙传热系数、人口密度、照明功率、插座功率及空调运行模式这五种影响公共建筑能耗的关键因素进行了研究分析。在通过多次的模拟研究后，总结出了外墙传热系数等五种关键因素对建筑能耗的影响结果并根据分析结果总结出一套适合广州地区宾馆建筑的节能空调运行模式。

在外墙传热系数为0.67 W/(㎡K)，人口密度为6m²/人，照明功率为8 W/m²，插座功率为6 W/m²的情况下，既能达到较为理想的节能效果，也能在一定程度上节约建筑成本。同时，夏冬季空调以变温交替间歇运行模式，先以较高功率运行一段时间后适当降低空调功率继续运行，一段时间后适当停运，以此为周期交替运行可以达到理想的节能目的，也能满足用户对房间舒适度的需求。结果表明，该运行方式可以在同等条件下年平均节能约0.331kWh/m²，以本模型面积4013m²来计算，年平均可节能1328.303 kWh，具有良好的经济收益和节能效果。

本文的研究结果可以为广州地区宾馆建筑节能计划提供一定的参考，同时可以一定程度上改善现有建筑的能耗情况，并带来一定的经济效益。

关键词：建筑能耗模拟 空调温度控制 Energyplus 建筑节能

Study on Energy Consumption of Hotel Buildings in Guangzhou

Abstract

With the advent of reform and opening up, China's domestic economy has developed rapidly, and the number of buildings has continued to increase. However, the proportion of building energy consumption in the country's total energy consumption has continued to increase. Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it has been proposed that the economy should shift from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality growth. This further increases the demand for energy. Proposing a reasonable energy-saving plan for public buildings can alleviate the energy shortage, and solve the social-economic development, energy supply shortage and environmental degradation of effective ways in directly and effectively.

This paper takes a hotel building in Guangzhou for research, using software Energyplus, a building energy consumption simulation software, to study the building's energy consumption type ratio in Guangzhou area in one year and to analyze the five key factors that affect the energy consumption of public buildings, such as the heat transfer coefficient of the external wall, population density, power consumption of lamps per unit area, power consumption of equipment and air-conditioning operation mode. After several simulation studies, the results of the five key factors such as the heat transfer coefficient of the external wall on the building energy consumption are summarized. Based on the analysis results, a set of energy-saving air-conditioning operation modes suitable for hotel buildings in Guangzhou is summarized.

The heat transfer coefficient of the outer wall is 0.67 W/(m²K), the population density is 6 m²/person, the lighting power is 8 W/m², and the socket power is 6 W/m². Under this circumstance, it not only can achieve a more ideal energy-saving effect, but also can save construction costs to a certain extent. In summer and winter, the air conditioner operates in a variable temperature alternating intermittent operation mode.

After running at a higher power for a period of time, the air conditioner power is appropriately reduced to continue operation, and after a period of time, it is properly shut down. This alternating cycle can meet the ideal energy-saving purpose and can also meet User demand for room comfort. The results show that this operating mode can save an average of 0.331 kWh/m² annually under the same conditions. Based on the calculation of the model in this paper area of 4013 m², the average annual energy saving is 1328.303 kWh, which has good economic benefits and energy-saving effects.

The research results of this paper can provide a certain reference for the energy saving plan of hotels in Guangzhou area, and can improve the energy consumption of existing buildings to a certain extent, and bring certain economic benefits.

Key words: Building Energy Simulation; Air conditioning temperature control; Energyplus; Building energy saving.

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 选题背景 1

1.2 国内外建筑节能研究现状4

1.3 选题意义8

第二章 广州气候分析及模型概况 9

2.1 广州位置及气候概况 9

2.2 模型概况9

第三章 围护结构与建筑内人员设备能耗分析12

3.1 外墙热阻对建筑能耗的影响12

3.2 人口密度对建筑能耗的影响14

3.3 照明功率对能耗的影响16

3.4 插座功率对能耗的影响18

第四章 空调温度控制策略21

4.1 空调温度对能耗的影响21

4.2 空调控制策略25

4.3 空调控制策略改进35

4.4 空调控制策略最终方案43

第五章 结论47

参考文献49

致谢52

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