论文总字数：19945字

摘 要

随着社会生产力的提高，人类生产以及生活中对能源的需求越来越高。然而，能为人类所利用的化石能源即将面临枯竭，并且人类的生产生活中能源的利用效率很低，造成了大量的能源浪费。而通过利用相变储能技术对工业余热等废弃能源进行储存是能够解决能源使用效率低下、能源浪费严重等问题的有效途径。 为了提高有机材料相变储能的效率，达到节约能源提高经济效益的目的，本文用 石蜡作为相变材料，研究了不同的因素对石蜡固液相变的影响，利用FLUENT中的凝固熔化模型对球形容器内石蜡熔化过程进行数值模拟，建立了石蜡融化的数学模型，讨论了加热温度及球形容器尺寸对石蜡熔化的影响趋势。通过分析数值模拟的结果，得到的结论是：加热温度越高，石蜡完全熔化所需要的时间就越短；球形容器的内径越大，石蜡完全融化所需要的时间就越长。最后，通过利用储能经济测算公式，并查阅了大量的相关资料，得出的结论是相变储能技术的应用具有能够带来较好的经济效益，具有良好的经济可行性。

关键词：相变储能 相变材料 熔化

Ⅰ

Evolution of solid-liquid phase transition of organic materials based on energy storage

Abstract

With the increase of social productivity, the demand for energy in human production and life is increasing. However, the fossil energy that can be used for human beings is about to be exhausted, and the utilization efficiency of energy in human production and life is very low, resulting in a large amount of energy waste. By using phase change energy storage technology to store waste energy, such as industrial waste heat, is an effective way to solve the problems of low energy efficiency and serious energy waste. For improving the efficiency of phase change energy storage of organic materials and achieving to the purpose of saving energy and increasing economic benefits, This paper uses paraffin as a phase-change material to study the influence of different factors on solid-liquid phase transition of paraffin. The solidification＆melting model in FLUENT is used to simulate the melting process of paraffin in spherical containers. The mathematical model of paraffin melting is established. The trend of heating temperature and spherical vessel size on paraffin melting is discussed. The results obtained from the analysis of the simulation results are as follows: the higher the heating temperature is, the shorter the time required to complete melting of paraffin; the larger the inner diameter of the spherical vessel is, the longer the time required to complete melting of paraffin. Finally, by using the economic calculation formula of energy storage and consulting a lot of relevant data, it is concluded that the application of phase change energy storage technology can bring better economic benefits and has good economic feasibility.

Key Words: phase change energy storage；phase change materials；melting

Ⅱ

目 录

摘要…………………………………………………………………………………I

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………II

第一章 引言………………………………………………………………………1

1.1相变储能的国内外研究现状………………………………………………1

1.1.1相变储能原理………………………………………………………1

1.1.2相变储能技术的特点………………………………………………1

1.1.3相变储能技术研究现状……………………………………………2

1.1.4用于储能的相变材料研究现状……………………………………3

1.1.5相变材料在球形容器中研究现状…………………………………3

1.2研究有机材料相变储能技术的目的和意义………………………………4

1.3研究思路和技术方法………………………………………………………5

1.3.1研究内容……………………………………………………………5

1.3.2研究方法……………………………………………………………5

1.4本章小结……………………………………………………………………5

第二章 理论基础…………………………………………………………………6

2.1 FLUENT软件简介……………………………………………………………6

2.1.1FLUENT软件的组成………………………………………………6

2.1.2CFD实验模拟流程…………………………………………………6

2.2 数值模拟相关流动传热方程…………………………………………………6

2.3 本章小结………………………………………………………………………7

第三章 石蜡融化数值模拟方法………………………………………………8

3.1 ICEM网格划分过程…………………………………………………………8

3.1.1建立二维网格几何模型……………………………………………8

3.1.2生成Block并建立网格对应关系…………………………………8

3.1.3定义网格节点并生成二维网格……………………………………8

3.1.4导出网格……………………………………………………………8

3.2 FLUENT数值模拟过程…………………………………………………9

3.2.1石蜡的材料参数…………………………………………………9

3.2.2材料相变的工况变量控制………………………………………9

3.2.3模型参数设置……………………………………………………9

3.2.4物性参数设置……………………………………………………10

3.2.5边界条件参数设置………………………………………………11

3.2.6求解器的设定……………………………………………………11

3.2.7不同算例…………………………………………………………11

3.3本章小结……………………………………………………………………11

第四章 模拟结果及分析讨论…………………………………………………13

4.1 石蜡相变过程……………………………………………………………13

4.2 不同浴水温度……………………………………………………………14

4.3 不同直径…………………………………………………………………14

4.5 本章小结…………………………………………………………………15

第五章 相变储能技术经济性分析…………………………………………16

5.1 储能经济测算公式………………………………………………………16

5.2 相变储能设备参数及计算结果…………………………………………16

结束语……………………………………………………………………………17

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………18

致谢………………………………………………………………………………21

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