摘 要

在当今这个世界，大自然逐渐被污染，自然环境也因人类粗鲁行为的增多而被破坏，因此洪涝，暴雨等灾害频发，城市内涝也变得越来越严重。所以，城市的排涝系统设计就显得极为重要。因为人工对排涝泵站进行维修和控制的效率较低，无法及时应对灾难，所以说，对泵站的远程控制的实现，有着极其重要的意义。当灾害发生时，能够及时地远程开启水泵进行排水，能够极大地减少损失。

在本次设计中，主要针对的是排涝泵站的远程控制问题，也就是当泵站需要排水时，工作人员能够从远处直接打开水泵排水。在系统的总体设计上，设计了驱动电路、晶振电路、报警电路等多个电路，而且，通过使用开关来模拟驱动电路，以此来实现控制。

硬件方面，本设计选择以AT89C51为核心来构建电路，构建了驱动电路、晶振电路、声光报警电路等功能电路，满足了液位控制所需的要求，完成了最初的目标。

软件方面，本设计分别编写了主程序以及液位控制程序，而且还描述了GPRS模块的功能及其连接方式。除此之外，还列出了程序的流程图，使得程序的运行过程变得清晰。

在经过缜密的设计之后，利用仿真软件对系统进行了仿真，得到了满意的结果，证明了所设计系统的正确性。

关键词：单片机 远程 水位检测

Abstract

In today's world, nature is gradually polluted, the natural environment is also caused by the increase in human rudeness, so floods, heavy rains and other disasters, urban waterlogging has become more and more serious. Therefore, the city's drainage system design is extremely important. Because the artificial drainage of the pumping station for the maintenance and control of the low efficiency, can not be timely to deal with the disaster, so that the remote control of the pumping station to achieve, has a very important significance. When the disaster occurs, the ability to remotely open the pump in a timely manner to drain, can greatly reduce the loss.

In this design, mainly for the drainage pump station remote control problem, that is, when the pumping station needs drainage, the staff can directly open the pump from a distance drainage. In the overall design of the system, the design of the drive circuit, crystal oscillator circuit, alarm circuit and other circuits, and, through the use of switches to simulate the drive circuit, in order to achieve control.

Hardware, the design of the design to AT89C51 as the core to build the circuit, built a drive circuit, crystal oscillator circuit, sound and light alarm circuit and other functional circuits to meet the requirements of liquid level control to complete the initial goal.

Software, the design of the main program and the preparation of the liquid level control procedures, but also describes the GPRS module function and its connection. In addition, the program flow chart is also listed, making the program running process becomes clear.

After careful design, the simulation software is used to simulate the system, and the satisfactory results are obtained, which proves the correctness of the designed system.

Key Words：Single - chip remote Water level detection

目录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 课题背景及研究意义 1

1.2 研究现状 1

1.3 液位测量方法 2

1.3.1接触式测量法 2

1.3.2 非接触式测量法 2

1.4 本文的主要研究内容 3

第2章 系统总体设计 4

2.1 设计思路 4

2.2 设计原理分析 5

2.3 电路工作原理 7

2.4 本章小结 7

第3章 系统硬件设计 8

3.1 AT89C51单片机简介 8

3.2 驱动电路 9

3.3 报警电路 10

3.4 液位指示电路 11

3.5 晶振电路 13

3.6 复位电路 13

3.7 本章小结 14

第4章 系统软件设计 15

4.1 软件设计说明 15

4.2 程序流程图 15

4.3 液位控制程序流程图 16

4.4 无线控制模块 17

4.5 本章小结 17

第5章 仿真结果 18

5.1 仿真结果 18

5.2 本章小结 20

第6章 工作总结与展望 21

致谢 22

参考文献 23

附录 24

1.程序 24