论文总字数：36694字

摘 要

自动生化仪是微生物浓度响应性检测的主流检测仪器，随着微生物发酵的逐渐发展，自动生化分析仪也开始蓬勃发展。利用现有的技术和条件, 开发和设计出性能稳定、操作简单的生化分析仪测控系统。本论文针对自制酶电极传感器产生的nA级微电流响应信号，进行电源模块、检测模块、电机控制模块和上位机监控系统设计与实现。主要研究内容如下：

（1）电源模块电路。由于该系统要用到4种幅值电压，本节分别是5V的显示电压，3.3V的微处理器供电电压，3V的ADC基准电压，10V的电机驱动电压，设计了电压的转换电路，以实现系统的稳定供电。

（2）三电极检测模块。三电极检测电路主要是由对电极，参比电极和工作电极构成。设计一个三电极电路来采集电流信号，其中工作电极材料是铅，对电极材料是Pt，参比电极材料是银，通过设计一个恒电位仪，保证参比电极的电压稳定，然后设计I/V转化电路和放大电路，将采集到的电流信号转化成微控制器可读取的标准信号。

（3）电机控制模块。三路电机模块，主要采用继电器控制，根据高低电平的切换，实现电机的启停，实现进料，搅拌，出料的控制功能。

（4）控制软件系统设计。设计主控软件系统，包含驱动程序、AD采集、定标程序和通信程序，实现数据的上传与显示，进行系统实验测试。

关键词：生物酶电极器 电源模块 三电极检测 浓度检测

Design and implementation of a microbial concentration response detection system

Abstract

The automatic biochemical analyzer is the mainstream detection instrument for the response detection of microorganism concentration. With the development of microbial fermentation, the automatic biochemical analyzer has also begun to flourish. Utilize existing technology and conditions, develop and design a stable and simple operation biochemical analyzer measurement and control system. This paper designs and implements the power module, detection module, motor control module and host computer monitoring system for the nA level micro-current response signal produced by the self-made enzyme electrode sensor. The main research contents are as follows:

(1) Power module circuit. Because the system needs to use 4 kinds of amplitude voltages, this section is 5V display voltage, 3.3V microprocessor power supply voltage, 3V ADC reference voltage, 10V motor drive voltage, the voltage conversion circuit is designed to Realize the stable power supply of the system.

(2) Three-electrode detection module. The three-electrode detection circuit is mainly composed of a counter electrode, a reference electrode and a working electrode. Design a three-electrode circuit to collect current signals, where the working electrode material is lead, the counter electrode material is Pt, and the reference electrode material is silver. By designing a potentiostat to ensure that the voltage of the reference electrode is stable, then design I / V The conversion circuit and the amplifying circuit convert the collected current signal into a standard signal readable by the microcontroller.

(3) Motor control module. The three-way motor module is mainly controlled by a relay. According to the switching of high and low levels, the motor can be started and stopped, and the control functions of feeding, stirring, and discharging can be realized.

(4) Control software system design. Design the main control software system, including driver program, AD acquisition, calibration program and communication program, realize data upload and display, and conduct system experiment test.

Keywords: enzyme electrode; power module; three electrode detection; concentration detection

目录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪 论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2课题研究背景及意义 1

1.3酶生物传感器的进展 2

1.4微生物浓度检测单片机的进展 4

1.5本章小结 4

第二章 系统功能方案分析 6

2.1设计要求 6

2.2设计分析 6

2.3方案论证 6

2.4最终方案 7

2.5 本章小结 8

第三章 硬件设计 9

3.1三电极检测电路 9

3.2三路电机模块 10

3.3 RS485通信接口 11

3.4微处理器电路设计 12

3.5整体电路设计 14

3.6本章小结 16

第四章 软件设计 17

4.1系统主程序流程 17

4.2电机驱动程序 17

4.3 AD采集程序 18

4.4定标程序 19

4.5通信程序 20

4.6本章小结 22

第五章 系统测试 24

5.1 系统测试概论 24

5.2 实验展示 24

5.3 系统测试数据分析 26

5.4本章小结 27

第六章 总结与展望 28

6.1 全文总结 28

6.2 系统评价 28

6.3 改进与展望 29

参考文献 30

致谢 32

附录一 软件程序部分源代码 33

第一章 绪 论

1.1引言

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