论文总字数：30563字

摘 要

技术水平的发展和人们经济生活的改善，人们对家居产品的要求越来越高。近些年来智能家居逐渐成为一种潮流，智能家居产品走入住宅对人们生活产生潜移默化的影响，而智能门铃系统便是其中之一。随着智能门铃系统的应用以及普及，传统有线门铃系统逐渐失去竞争力，尤其是单片机功能的不断完善和提高使得智能门铃系统逐渐小型化，更加实用便捷。本课题在分析当前的智能门铃的不足（例如误报率高，无法查看来访者等）基础上，设计了一款基于C51单片机的智能门铃系统。

鉴于普通51单片机速度慢、I/O口有限等的缺点，以及本设计对主控芯片的高性能要求，本任务采用STC8A8K64S4A12增强版51芯片为主控芯片，同时加入摄像头模块、显示模块、红外检测模块、蜂鸣器模块，拍照模块来组建系统的基本外部环境。此外，设计中还添加了GSM通信模块，方便智能门铃系统与户主发送短信，使得户主外出也能了解家中情况。拍照模块主要对逗留时间过长的访问人员进行拍摄存储，显示模块方便用户进行查看图片。通过本次课题设计一款经济高效的门铃系统对于智能家居发展具有重要意义。

关键词：单片机;GSM模块;拍照模块;显示模块;蜂鸣器模块

Design and realization of multi-function intelligent doorbell system based on C51 single chip microcomputer

Abstract

With the development of technology and the improvement of people's economic life, people have higher and higher requirements for household products. In recent years, smart home has gradually become a trend, smart home products into the house have a subtle impact on people's lives, and intelligent doorbell system is one of them. With the application and popularization of the intelligent doorbell system, the traditional wired doorbell system gradually loses its competitiveness, especially the continuous improvement and improvement of the function of the single-chip microcomputer makes the intelligent doorbell system gradually miniaturized and more practical and convenient. Based on the analysis of the shortcomings of the current intelligent doorbell (such as high false alarm rate, unable to view visitors, etc.), this paper designs an intelligent doorbell system based on C51 single chip microcomputer.

In view of the disadvantages of the ordinary 51 single chip microcomputer, such as slow speed, limited I / O port, and the high rigidity requirements of the design for the main control chip, this task uses the stc8a8k64s4a12 enhanced 51 chip as the main control chip, and adds the camera module, display module, infrared detection module, buzzer module, and photo module to build the basic external environment of the system. In addition, GSM communication module is added in the design to facilitate the intelligent doorbell system and the householder to send short messages, so that the householder can understand the situation at home when going out. The photographing module is mainly used to capture and store the visitors who stay too long, and the display module is convenient for users to view the pictures. It is of great significance for the development of smart home to design a cost-effective doorbell system.

Key words:SCM;GSM module;photo module;display module ;buzzer module

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

目 录 1

第一章 绪 论 1

1.1 研究目的与意义 1

1.2 国内外发展现状 2

1.2.1 国外发展现状 2

1.2.2 国内发展现状 2

1.3 主要研究内容及创新点 3

1.4 文章结构 4

第二章 整体方案设计 5

2.1 智能门铃系统基本功能 5

2.2 智能门铃系统组成 5

2.3 智能门铃系统总体设计方案 6

2.3.1 智能门铃系统设计要求 6

2.3.2 系统主要结构 6

2.3.3 综合因素分析 7

2.4 本章总结 7

第三章 硬件设计 8

3.1 主控芯片的选取 8

3.1.2 主要引脚介绍 9

3.1.3 电源电路 9

3.1.4 时钟电路 10

3.2 红外检测模块 10

3.2.1 电路图 11

3.3 GSM模块 11

3.3.1 电源转换电路 12

3.4 拍照存储模块 12

3.4.1 电路图 13

3.5 显示模块 14

3.5.1 触摸屏电路 15

3.6 蜂鸣器模块 15

3.7 本章总结 16

第四章 系统软件设计 17

4.1 主程序流程图 17

4.2 GSM通信模块程序设计 18

4.3 图像采集模块程序设计 19

4.4 显示模块程序设计 20

4.5 存储模块程序设计 21

4.5.1 写操作流程图 22

4.5.2 读操作流程图 23

4.6 FATFS文件管理系统 24

4.7 本章总结 25

第五章 实物测试 26

5.1 主控板焊接测试 26

5.2 模块测试 27

5.2.1 红外模块测试 27

5.2.2 通信模块测试 27

5.2.3 拍照显示模块测试 28

5.4 本章总结 30

第六章 总结与展望 31

6.1 总结 31

6.2 系统评价 32

6.3 展望 32

参考文献 33

致 谢 35

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