论文总字数：21976字

摘 要

随着国内盲人群体数量的不断增加和城市道路交通的不断发展，盲人出行遇到的障碍与挑战越来越多。盲人群体自主出行愿望日益强烈，但是出行安全无法得到保障。借助现有导盲设备包括拐杖、导盲犬和导盲机器人等出行都一定程度上存在使用局限性，因此，设计一款使用方便且价格亲民的盲人导行和安全辅助系统十分有必要。

本文所设计的盲人导行系统是在现有智能设备实现GPS导航并提示语音的基础上，以k60微控制器为主控模块，用超声波模块、语音模块和摄像头模块来辅助实现安全功能，包括多方位的避障提示，路口路况提示功能。针对盲人群体的特殊性，本设计采用按键形式实现触发选择，反馈信息通过语音输出，即在路口实现按键启动摄像头辨色程序，而路口信息的反馈以及行走时周围障碍物的提示都由语音模块输出。经测试，可实现多方向0.85米的安全距离以内的障碍物判断及语音提示、辨别红绿灯色彩并提示，在盲人步行过程中提供安全保障和正确的语音提示。

本文所设计的盲人导行和安全辅助系统经测试快速有效，障碍播报和交通灯识别精确性高，语音提示方式符合盲人群体的出行需求。使用便捷且研究成本和后续开发成本低，具有一定的价格优势，对更为复杂的路况条件下盲人导行和安全辅助系统的研究具有参考价值。

关键词：盲人导行；语音播报；超声波避障；交通灯颜色识别

Design and implementation of blind guide and safety aid system

Abstract

Rapid increase of population of blind people nationwide and development of vulnerability of castle city traffic, the obstacles and challenges encountered by blind people are increasing. The desire of the blind group to travel independently is growing, but travel safety cannot be guaranteed. With the help of existing guide devices including crutches, guide dogs and guide robots, there are some limitations in use. Therefore, the design of a blind guide and safety assist system is very necessary.

The blind guidance system designed in this document is based on the existing intelligent device for performing GPS navigation and rapid speech. The k60 microcontroller is the main control module, and the ultrasonic module, the voice module and the camera module are used to help the safety function, including Multi-faceted obstacle avoidance tips, intersection road conditions prompt function. According to the particularity of the blind group, the design adopts the button form to realize the trigger selection, and the feedback information selects the voice output, that is, the button is used to activate the camera color recognition program at the intersection, and the feedback of the intersection information and the prompts of the surrounding obstacles during walking are all performed by the voice module. To output. In the test, the obstacle judgment and voice feedback within the safety distance of 0.8 meters in multiple directions are completed, and the color of the traffic light is discriminated and prompted, and certain security guarantees and correct prompts can be given in the road travel.

The blind guide and safety aid system designed in this paper has been tested quickly and effectively, and the obstacle broadcast and traffic light recognition accuracy is high. The voice prompt mode is in line with the travel needs of the blind group. It is easy to use and low in research cost and subsequent development cost. It has a certain price advantage and has reference value for the study of blind people and safety assistance systems under more complicated road conditions.

Keywords: Blind guide；voice transmission；obstacle avoidance by ultrasound,；traffic light color recognition

目 录

摘要 Ⅰ

Abstract Ⅱ

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 课题研究背景及研究意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 2

1.3 课题研究的主要内容 3

1.3.1 课题研究的主要内容 3

1.3.2 本文内容结构 4

第二章 相关知识背景 5

2.1 语音提示功能 5

2.2 避障功能 6

2.3 交通灯颜色识别 6

2.3.1 摄像头及模块介绍 6

2.3.2 色彩参数与转化 7

2.4 主控模块的选择与应用 8

第三章 设计方案 10

3.1 总体方案的设计 10

3.2 各自模块的设计 11

3.2.1 语音提示模块 11

3.2.2 超声波避障模块 11

3.2.3 摄像头辨色模块 12

第四章 软硬件协同设计与调试 13

4.1 避障功能实现 13

4.2 路况监测功能实现 14

4.3 语音提示实现 16

第五章 测试与结果 18

5.1 超声波避障功能测试 18

5.2摄像头辨色功能测试 20

5.3 语音功能测试 21

5.4 综合功能测试 22

第六章 结论与展望 24

6.1 本文工作总结 24

6.2 展望 24

参考文献 26

致谢 29

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