码垛机器人路径优化算法设计毕业论文
2022-02-06 18:54:28
论文总字数:21354字
摘 要
近年来,工业机器人被应用到许多领域,其发展也越来越迅速。应用主要涉及在码垛、焊接、搬运等领域。其中,码垛在自动化领域内属于一门新兴技术。码垛机器人由于其特殊的平行四边形机械结构被广泛用于搬运和码垛。由于我国的机器人行业目前发展比较缓慢,自动化生产水平比较落后,大部分码垛工作仍然通过工人搬运来完成,生产效率低下,需要大量的劳动力。因此码垛机器人的研究对于社会生产具有重大的意义和广阔的发展前景。
机械手是码垛机器人的主要形式。本文研究对象码垛机器人为六个关节机械手,采用了六自由度链式关节结构。首先,本文先采用D-H建模方法,建立码垛机器人机械手数学模型,并对机械手进行运动学分析,然后,运用Matlab的机器人工具箱Robotics Toolbox对正逆运动学方程建立的正确性进行了仿真验证。
接下来,对机械手轨迹规划算法展开研究。首先,通过逆运动学求解法将规定的路径点转化为关节空间规划中的关节角度,然后,通过三次多项式插值算法和五次多项式插值算法进行规划及仿真,最终达到终点位置的期望位姿。通过在MATLAB中仿真出两种插值法所规划的三个关节变量的变化曲线,比较两种算法的仿真结果,得出两种算法的优缺点。
关键词:码垛机器人 运动学 轨迹规划算法 自动化
Palletizing Robot Path Optimization Algorithm Design
Abstract
In recent years, industrial robots have been applied to many fields, and their development has become more and more rapid. Applications are mainly involved in palletizing, welding, handling and other fields. Among them, palletizing belongs to an emerging technology in the field of automation. Palletizing robots are widely used for handling and palletizing due to their special parallelogram mechanical structure. Due to the slow development of the robotics industry in China, the level of automated production is relatively backward. Most of the palletizing work is still carried out by workers. The production efficiency is low and a large amount of labor is needed. Therefore, research on palletizing robots has great significance for social production and broad prospects for development.
Robots are the main form of palletizing robots. In this paper, we study the six-joint manipulator of the object palletizing robots and adopt a six-degree-of-freedom joint structure. First of all, this paper first adopts DH modeling method, establishes the mathematical model of palletizing robot manipulator, and performs kinematics analysis on the manipulator. Then, it uses Matlab's robotic toolbox Robotics Toolbox to verify the correctness of the establishment of positive and inverse kinematics equations. .
Next, the robot trajectory planning algorithm is studied. Firstly, the inverse kinematics method is used to convert the specified path point into the joint angle in the joint space plan. Then, the cubic polynomial interpolation algorithm and the fifth-order polynomial interpolation algorithm are used for planning and simulation, and finally the desired pose at the end position is reached. By simulating the curve of the three joint variables planned by the two interpolation methods in MATLAB, the simulation results of the two algorithms are compared and the advantages and disadvantages of the two algorithms are obtained.
Keywords: Palletizing Robot;Kinematics;Trajectory planning algorithm;Automation
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1码垛技术 1
1.2码垛机器人的组成 2
1.2.1码垛机器人的机械结构 2
1.2.2码垛机器人的控制系统 2
1.3国内外码垛机器人的研究现状 2
1.3.1国外码垛机器人的研究现状 2
1.3.2国内码垛机器人的研究现状 4
1.4课题的研究意义和研究内容 4
1.4.1研究意义 4
1.4.2研究内容 5
第二章 码垛机器人数学建模 6
2.1码垛机器人运动学的数理基础 6
2.1.1码垛机器人位姿描述 6
2.1.2码垛机器人坐标变换 6
2.1.3码垛机器人齐次坐标变换 7
2.2码垛机器人运动学描述 8
2.3本章小结 10
第三章 码垛机器人的运动学分析 11
3.1码垛机器人正运动学分析 11
3.2码垛机器人逆运动学分析 13
3.3码垛机器人正逆运动学仿真验证 15
3.3.1码垛机器人三维仿真模型的建立 15
3.3.2码垛机器人正逆运动学验证 17
3.4本章小结 18
第四章 码垛机器人的轨迹算法研究 19
4.1轨迹规划概述 19
4.2码垛机器人的轨迹规划算法 19
4.2.1码垛机器人三次多项式插值算法 19
4.2.2码垛机器人五次多项式插值算法 20
4.2.3两种轨迹算法的分析与比较 22
4.3码垛机器人的执行器末端运动轨迹 26
4.4本章小结 29
第五章 总结与展望 30
5.1总结 30
5.2展望 31
参考文献 33
致谢 35
第一章 绪论
请支付后下载全文,论文总字数:21354字