论文总字数：19058字

摘 要

步入21世纪以来，随着人们收入水平不断提高，人们的出现方式也发生了巨大的改变。现在几乎每家都有一部车，甚至多辆。高汽车保有率，给人们出行提供方便的同时，也给人们埋下了巨大的安全隐患。其中最突出的就是酒驾。2008年世界卫生组织的事故调查显示，在交通事故中酒驾约占60%，并且将酒后驾驶列为车祸死亡的第一大因。中国所面对的酒驾形式更为恶劣，其原因有两点：1.随着改革开放以来，人民生活水准不断提高。汽车拥有量越来越大，但在“张明宝”恶性案件发生前，法律对于酒驾的处罚还不够严厉；2.中国特有的酒文化，谈事不离酒的思想已经在中国人的心理根深蔕固。现在交警只能通过设卡，对车辆驾驶员进行酒精测试。但这办法太过死板，效率不高。

本设计是通过在汽车上外接控制模块，当汽车启动时开始运作。司机必须进行酒精测试，且测试结果必须低于阀值才能正常启动汽车。本仪器以单片机为中央处理单元，外加酒精检测传感器用来测试驾驶员的酒精浓度、A/D转换电路来转换AD信号、继电器来控制发动机的启停、蜂鸣器和GSM模块发出报警和提醒驾驶员家属以及一些电源电路等模块来共同组成。本设计的特点就是从源头扼杀酒驾的行为，来弥补设卡检查酒驾的漏洞，为人名营造一个安全、和谐的交通环境。

关键词：酒驾；单片机；酒精检测；防酒驾

Design Of Anti-alcoholic Driving Ssystem Based On Single Chip Microcomputer

Abstract

Since the 21st century, with the continuous improvement of people's income level, the appearance of people has also undergone a great change. Now almost every family has one car, or even more. High car ownership rate, provides convenience for people to travel, but also buries a huge safety hazard for people. The most prominent is drunken driving, which accounted for about 60 percent of traffic accidents, according to the World Health Organization's 2008 accident survey, and ranked drunk driving as the biggest cause of death in a car accident. China faces worse forms of drunk driving for two reasons: 1. With the reform and opening up, the people's living standards have been improved. Steam The number of cars is increasing, but before the malignant case of "Mingbao Zhang ", the punishment of drunk driving by law is not severe enough; 2. China's unique wine culture, the idea of talking about wine has been deeply rooted in the mind of the Chinese people. Now the traffic police can only set a card to test the car driver for alcohol. But this is too rigid and inefficient.

This design is designed by connecting the external control module on the automobile.. The driver must have an alcohol test and the test results must be below the threshold to start the car properly. The instrument takes single chip microcomputer as the central processing unit, and the alcohol detection sensor is used to test the alcohol concentration of the driver. The A / D conversion circuit is used to convert the AD signal, and the relay is used to control the start and stop of the engine. Buzzer and GSM module send an alarm and remind the driver's family as well as some power circuit modules together. The characteristic of this design is to kill drunken driving from the source, to make up for the loophole of card checking drunk driving, and to be a famous person. Build a safe, harmonious traffic environment.

Keywords: Drunken Driving; Single Chip Microcomputer; Alcohol Detection; Anti-alcoholic Driving

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 引 言 1

1.1研究背景及意义 1

1.2研究目标 1

1.3设计基本功能 2

1.4课题设计结构安排 2

第二章 方案设计 3

2.1 设计总体方案框图 3

2.2 中央处理单元选择 3

2.3 报警及发送模块选择 4

2.4 酒精检测模块 4

2.5 液晶模块选择 4

2.6 A/D转换模块选择 4

2.7 供电方式选择 5

2.8 模拟汽车模块 5

第三章 硬件设计 6

3.1 中央处理单元模块 6

3.2 A/D转换模块 6

3.3 酒精检测模块 7

3.4 液晶显示模块 7

3.5 短信发送及报警模块 8

3.5.1 短信发送模块 8

3.5.2 报警模块 8

3.6 模拟汽车模块 9

3.6.1 模拟汽车控制模块 9

3.6.2 模拟汽车发动机模块 9

3.7 实物搭建 9

第四章 软件流程图 11

4.1 主程序模块 11

4.2 报警子程序 11

4.3 短消息发送子程序 12

4.4 数据采集主程序 14

第五章 系统调试及测试 15

5.1 系统运行流程 16

5.2 调试中发现的问题及解决方法 16

5.2.1 晶振问题 16

5.2.2 MQ-3预热时间问题 17

5.3 仪器检测精度测试 17

第六章 结束与展望 19

参考文献 20

致 谢 21

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