论文总字数：29621字

摘 要

随着社会日新月异的发展，居民的生活质量显著提高，由此防火工作也变得越来越重要。但是现在很多防火措施都是针对公共场所，大型场合。有必要设计一种小型的火灾报警系统，适合智能家居的小型系统。若想使用于智能家居内，想要能够监测火灾情况，并能够实现报警功能，本设计使用了蓝牙传输环境的温度烟雾情况，制作出了一款较简单但是功能强大的温度烟雾报警器。

本设计采用由STC89C52单片机最小系统、4位共阳数码管、DS18B20温度传感器、电源模块、按键模块、蜂鸣器报警模块、MQ-2烟雾检测模块和ADC0832模数转换模块组成。MQ-2烟雾检测模块可以实时的监测空气中的烟雾浓度，输出的模拟值经过ADC0832模数转换模块转化为数字量，经过单片机的处理运算得出实时的烟雾浓度等级.并在数码管上显示出来。同时DS18B20温度传感器监测实时的环境温度，并将数据传输给单片机且在数码管上显示。按键模块可以对烟雾和温度的阈值进行设置，当环境的烟雾浓度或温度超过设定的阈值时，触发蜂鸣器报警模块发出警报。按键模块还具有紧急报警和手动取消紧急报警功能，当现场有特殊情况时可以手动报警。

关键字：STC89C52单片机；MQ-2烟雾传感器；ADC0832；DS18B20

Intelligent home fire detection alarm system design

ABSTRACT

While social development is fast enough, the quality of lives of we, residents, have increased significantly, and fire prevention has become more and more important. But now many fire prevention measures are aimed at public places and large-scale occasions. Designing a small fire alarm system suitable for small systems becomes a very important thing in smart homes. If you want to use it in a smart home and want to be able to monitor the fire and realize the alarm function, this design uses the temperature and smoke of the Bluetooth transmission environment to create a simple but powerful temperature smoke alarm.

This design consists of STC89C52 single-chip minimum system, 4-digit common digital tube, DS18B20 temperature sensor, power module, button module, buzzer alarm module, MQ-2 smoke detection module and ADC0832 analog-to-digital conversion module. The MQ-2 smoke detection module can monitor the smoke concentration in the air in real time. The output analog value is converted into a digital quantity by the ADC0832 analog-to-digital conversion module. The real-time smoke concentration level is obtained through the processing of the single-chip microcomputer and displayed on the digital tube. come out. At the same time, the DS18B20 temperature sensor monitors the real-time ambient temperature and transmits the data to the microcontroller and displays it on the digital tube. The button module can set the threshold of smoke and temperature, and triggers the buzzer alarm module to issue an alarm when the ambient smoke concentration or temperature exceed a set threshold. The button module also has an emergency alarm and a manual cancel emergency alarm function, which can be manually alarmed when there are special circumstances on the site.

Key words: STC89C52 singlechip;MQ - 2 alcohol sensor;ADC0832;DS18B20

目录

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 引言 1

1.1课题的背景 1

1.2烟雾浓度检测的国内外现状 1

第二章 方案论证 2

2.1 总体方案设计 2

2.2 CPU的选择 2

2.3 温度传感器的选择 3

2.4 按键的选择 3

2.5 显示模块的选择 3

2.6 电源模块 3

第三章 芯片资料简介 5

3.1温度传感器DS18B20 5

3.1.1DS18B20的管脚配置和内部结构 6

3.1.2DS18B20单总线介绍 6

3.1.3DS18B20的工作原理 6

3.1.4温度传感器(DS18B20)电路 8

3.2MQ2烟雾传感器 8

3.2.1 MQ2烟雾传感器的简介 8

3.2.2 烟雾检测AD采集电路 10

3.3 ADC0832模数转换器 10

3.3.1ADC0832模数转换器简介 10

3.4 STC89C52单片机的简介 11

3.4.1 STC89C52单片机主要特性 12

3.4.2 主控模块电路图 13

3.5显示模块电路 13

3.6声音报警电路 14

3.7按键控制电路 15

3.8电源模块电路 15

第四章 系统软件设计 16

4.1系统主程序设计及流程图 16

4.2温度程序流程图 17

4.3烟雾检测流程图 17

第五章 系统的安装与调试 19

5.1硬件调试 19

5.2软件调试 19

5.3软硬件联调 19

结论 21

致谢 22

参考文献 23

附录 24

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