论文总字数：25375字

摘 要

随着时代的发展和科技的进步，全球工业化自动化的水平正在不断地提高。然而，国内的工业自动化水平却依然发展缓慢，停止不前。如今,我国污水处理厂的自动控制水平低、安全性能差、管理不符合要求，效率普遍低于其他国家的平均标准。本项目位于浙江上虞，全厂采用自动化控制技术，实现从提水、加药、搅拌到酸碱中和、混凝等一系列工业流程的全程自动控制。

整个自控系统设计包括PLC系统、监控组态系统两大部分。PLC部分有分为提水泵房、加药间、中和脱气池和芬顿沉淀池。主要的工艺过程是按照污水流经过程，顺序按照流量以及酸碱度加入酸液、碱液和三种辅助药剂并通过曝气、搅拌、催化等过程实现污水的氧化还原反应。计划实现整个系统的控制室远程监控和设备自动运行调整功能，满足污水处理的自控设计需要。整个设计项目的工作内容包括：工艺流程分析 、现场设备了解、控制点统计分析、选择PLC的型号、PLC控制柜设计、流量计、液位计、变频器的选择和运用、软启动器选型、PLC接线图设计、编程、组态、仿真调试。控制点数开关量大约510点、模拟量大约310点。

论文中介绍了工厂污水处理的设计背景，设计内容和设计原则，并通过学习，查阅书籍、资料，设计了一套以PLC为基础的自动控制系统。首先，通过学习书籍中的知识，完成了硬件组态的工作，并完成了输入输出的分配。然后，根据指导教师提供的自动化控制系统表，完成了各自部分的地址分配，并完成了设备的选型和PLC的选型。由于是第一次接触变频器，需要花大量的时间去钻研与变频器相关的内容，变频器也是设计的关键。最后，完成整个PLC设计的程序部分，并进行调试。

关键词：PLC系统；远程监控；自动控制；污水处理

ABSTRACT

With the progress of the times and the development of science and technology, the global industrial automation level is constantly improving.However,the level of industrial automation is still slow development,do not stop.Today,China"s sewage treatment plant automatic control level is low,poor safety performance,management does not meet the requirements.Their efficiency is commonly lower than the average standard of other countries.The project is located in the Zhejiang Shangyu,plant use of automation and control technology,from water dosing, mixing to the acid-base neutralization,coagulation etc.a series of industrial process is full automatic control.

The automatic control system design includes PLC system and configuration system two parts.PLC is divided into carrying water pump,dosing,and degassing tank and Fenton sedimentation tank.The main process is in accordance with the sewage flows through the process,sequential according to flow and pH by adding acid solution, alkali solution and three auxiliary agents and through aeration,agitation and catalytic processes to achieve sewage oxidation reduction reaction.Plans to achieve the adjustment function of the automatic operation of the whole system of control room remote monitoring and equipment,to meet the needs of the sewage treatment automatic control design.Within the whole design project of the work including: process analysis,understanding of field equipment,control point statistics Analysis of types of PLC,PLC control cabinet design,flowmeter,level meter,the choice and application of the frequency converter,the selection of soft starter, PLC wiring diagram design,programming,configuration,simulation and debugging. About 510 points switch quantity control,analog about 310 points.

Paper introduces the factory wastewater treatment design background, design content and design principles,and by learning,access to books,data,design the a PLC based automatic control system.Then,according to the teachers to provide automation control system, the completion of the respective part of the address allocation, and completed the selection of equipment and PLC selection. Because it is the first contact with the transducer and need to spend a lot of time to study and variable frequency is related to the content,inverter is designed.Finally, complete the whole PLC design of the program part,and debugging.

Key words: PLC system;remote monitoring;automatic control;sewage treatment

目录

摘要........................................................................ 1

Abstract......................................................................2

第一章 绪论...................................................................1

1.1 项目背景...........................................................1

1.2 项目内容...........................................................1

1.3 设计标准...........................................................2

第二章 硬件系统配置...........................................................3

2.1 系统组成...........................................................3

2.2 硬件组态...........................................................5

2.3 组态画面设计......................................................11

第三章 系统选型..............................................................12

3.1 PLC选型...........................................................12

3.2 其他设备选型......................................................12

3.2.1 变频器的简介................................................12

3.2.2 变频与变压原理..............................................13

3.2.3 变频调速的基本原理..........................................13

3.2.4 变频器选型..................................................14

3.2.5 电动球阀....................................................15

3.2.6 电动法兰蝶阀................................................15

3.2.7 分体式超声波液位计..........................................15

3.3 星三角原理........................................................15

第四章 程序设计..............................................................17

4.1 PLC的I/O资源配置................................................17

4.2 程序编写.........................................................26

4.2.1 变频器模块.................................................26

4.2.2 星三角模块.................................................29

4.3 运行结果.........................................................31

第五章 小结..................................................................32

致谢.........................................................................33

参考文献.....................................................................34

第一章 绪论

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