论文总字数：30759字

摘 要

目前，青少年视力低下问题已成为国内外共同关注的话题。有资料显示，我国小学生眼镜视力低下率为26.96%，初中生为53.43%，高中生为72.8%，大学生为77.95%。关键是调查显示50%以上的学生与家长缺乏视力保健中最基本的科普知识，不知道不=提前预防和及时治疗近视眼的重要性，因而有41.6%视力低下的学生并没有采取任何矫正的措施，并没有专业机构去治疗。

针对上面的问题，于是就想出了智能视力保护仪的设计思路。这个智能视力保护仪主要拥有三大功能,分别是测距、时间显示和定时三大功能。在这些功能中相应功能的传感器构成测距、时间显示模块，可以测得使用者的使用距离并且具有报警功能。STC89C52单片机运行程序构成了处理模块，可以对学习的时间进行定时，并可以通过按键设置学习时间,当学习的时间到时可以进行报警提醒。总体上讲，智能视力保护仪的这三大主要功能能同时运行且生效，可以让蜂鸣器报警并且通过灯光闪烁已达到提醒学生用眼安全。

这款智能视力保护仪经过多次试验和实践已经证明了视力保护仪的实用性和可靠性，并且方便使用。这篇论文通过深层次的理论研究和硬件的设计制作，希望能为视力保护仪的开发和研究切实做到保护视力提供有效地理论依据。

关键词：单片机；报警；提醒；视力保护

Design of the Vision Based on 51 Single Chip Microcomputer

Protection Instrument

ABSTRACT

At present, adolescent eyesight has become the domestic and international issues of common concern. Data show that China"s primary vision, low rate of 26.96%, 53.43% junior high school students, 72.8% senior high school students, college students 77.95%. Especially the survey shows that 50% more of the students and parents lack of vision care the most basic science knowledge,harmfulness does not know ahead of time is not timely prevention andtreatment of myopia, thus there are 41.6% low vision students did not take any corrective measures, treatment and lack of professional organizations.

Based on the above reasons, this paper puts forward the design idea of intelligent vision protection device. Intelligent vision protection apparatus mainly consists of distance and time display and timing functions. By corresponding function of distance and time display module composed of sensors, can achieve the detection and alarm function of the distance to the user. Processing module consists of STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer to run the program, can realize the learning time timing and by the time has come to prompt the alarm function, and the learning time can be set by buttons. Generally speaking, the design of the three functions can take effect at the same time, and through the way of alarm lamp flashing and buzzer alarm to remind users pay attention to use eye health.

In this paper, through the practice proved the vision protector is feasible and has good reliability, easy to use. In this paper, through the study of the electronic hardware production and theoretical, for the latter part of the further design of multi-function vision protectionand provide the reliable and effective source of data and informationon the basis of improving the effectiveness of vision protection and reasonable measures taken.

Keywords: MCU； Alarm； Caution； Eyesight Protection

目 录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 引 言 1

1.1课题的选题背景 1

1.2 国内外发展现状 2

1.3本论文主要研究内容 2

1.4基本要求 3

第二章 视力保护仪系统设计选择 4

2.1 系统基本方案选择和论证 4

2.1.1核心单片机的选择 4

2.1.2 测距模块的选择 4

2.1.3 时钟芯片的选择和论证 4

2.1.4 显示模块的选择和论证 5

2.1.5 编程语言的选择和论证 5

2.2 电路设计最终方案 6

第三章 系统的软、硬件设计与实现 7

3.1电路设计框图 7

3.2 主要单元电路的设计 7

3.2.1 STC89C52单片机主控模块的设计 7

3.2.2 单片机中断系统 10

3.2.3 时钟电路模块的设计 10

3.2.5 超声波模块的设计 14

3.3 程序流程图 15

第四章 系统调试 16

4.1 硬件调试 16

4.2 软件调试 16

4.3调试遇到的问题 16

第五章 结束语 17

致 谢 18

参考文献（References） 19

附 录 20

1.源程序 20

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