1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述包含参考文献）

Introduction Central Asia is importance based on its culture, history, and trade.Central Asian countries are also important for the European Union as well as Asian countries, specifically China, Russia, Afghanistan, Iran, Middle East, and Turkey. There are large energy imports from Asia and the European Union as a result of its location. Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan are all landlocked countries in Central Asia that rely heavily on exports of raw commodities and are at the mercy of their larger neighbors, particularly Russia and China. However, their wealth and trade volumes with the EU are vastly different from one another. The country of Uzbekistan is also an important country in Central Asia and this country is important as it has trade ties with European Union, China, and even all Central Asian countries. Interaction between countries and regional integration are the best options for dealing with these issues. Uzbekistan's strategic importance and political potential imply that the country has a unique obligation to the Central Asian area [1-3]. With Uzbekistan's location in the center of Central Asia, it has borders with all four of the region's countries. After Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan is the second-largest economy in the area [4]. As a result, the trade regime and trade developments in Uzbekistan have a considerable impact on the economic activities of neighboring Central Asian countries.Research Background Uzbekistan has great ties with the Central Asian countries, such as Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Kirghizstan. The mode of trade is different, but one thing is unanimously accepted that trade has been promoted day by day and Uzbekistan is flourishing based on trade policies with the countries in Central Asia. Furthermore, in Central Asia, Uzbekistan has been observed as the country of great opportunities and economics of the said country is in the pinnacle since last few decades. Most of Uzbekistan's exports go to China and Russia, respectively. Kazakhstan, on the other hand, is Central Asia's major commercial partner. Khodjae (2021) explain that oil, natural gas, and gold are the country's primary exports [5]. Cotton is the second-largest export. Machinery and equipment, as well as food, are some of the other products Uzbekistan exports. Russia, Turkey, China, Kazakhstan, and Bangladesh are Uzbekistan's primary export markets. Machines and equipment, chemical products, food, and metals are the country's most common imports from the rest of the world. It has been evaluated that Uzbekistan is the country of great opportunities and with the context of its trade considerations; it has several trade partners in Asia, EU, an even USA. There are countless products imported and exported by the said country worldwide. The government of Uzbekistan has initiated a fresh set of economic reforms in an effort to further open the country's economy. Reducing state intervention, enhancing enterprises' legal protections against such action, and liberalizing the foreign exchange market were among the most important economic reforms. It is hard to see how Uzbekistan's import substitution strategies mesh with the WTO. Uzbekistan's current economic development strategy relies heavily on import substitution and export promotion. Only a small portion of Uzbekistan's economy is linked to the rest of the world's commerce. Through this research, the trade of Uzbekistan with Central Asian countries would be focused and in this sense of understanding, all prose and cones of the trade policy would also be considerate based on trade policies. Main exports and imports of the Uzbekistan would also be highlighted in this unique research.Literature Review Whitfield and Sims-Williams (2004) interpret that ancient silk road has been considered the best route for the trade correlating Central Asia [6] . In near past, Uzbekistan using this silk route for its imports and exports [7]. Since that time, Uzbekistan paid much heed to its trade. Agadjanian University of Central AsiaInstitute of Public Policy and Administration (IPPA) Working Paper, (4).[2] Anderson, B., Institute of Public Policy and Administration Working Paper, (4).[3] Rakhmonov, D. A. (2015). Improvement of the Pension System in Uzbekistan: Through the Experience of the European Union Countries.International Journal of Trends in Economics Management Technology (IJTEMT),4(5).[4] Ruziev, K., Ghosh, D., Dow, S. C. (2007). The Uzbek puzzle revisited: an analysis of economic performance in Uzbekistan since 1991.Central Asian Survey,26(1), 7-30.[5] Khodjaev, F. E. (2021). Functional models of logistics management in the development of exports in Uzbekistan.Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management,11(9), 26-33.[6] Whitfield, S., Sims-Williams, U. (Eds.). (2004).The Silk Road: trade, travel, war and faith. Serindia Publications, Inc..[7] Spechler, M. C. (2000). Uzbekistan: the silk road to nowhere?.Contemporary Economic Policy,18(3), 295-303.[8] Agadjanian, V., Makarova, E. (2003). From Soviet modernization to postSoviet transformation: understanding marriage and fertility dynamics in Uzbekistan.Development and Change,34(3), 447-473.[9] Bakhromov, N. (2011). The exchange rate volatility and the trade balance: case of Uzbekistan.Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research,1(3), 149-161.[10] Yormatov, I. T., Yuldasheva, N. A., Toshpulatov, I. A. (2020). ISSUES OF ELECTRONIC TRADE DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN.Theoretical Applied Science, (12), 211-215.[11] Ganiev, B., Yusupov, Y. (2012). Uzbekistan: Trade regime and recent trade developments.University of Central AsiaInstitute of Public Policy and Administration (IPPA) Working Paper, (4).[12] Abdullaev, I., De Fraiture, C., Giordano, M., Yakubov, M., Rasulov, A. (2009). Agricultural water use and trade in Uzbekistan: Situation and potential impacts of market liberalization.International Journal of Water Resources Development,25(1), 47-63.[13] Bakoeva, G. M., Ibodullaev, S. T. (2021). Foreign trade activities of Uzbekistan: problems and opportunities for development.International journal of trends in marketing management, (1). [14] Djankov, S., Freund, C. (2002). Trade flows in the former Soviet Union, 1987 to 1996.Journal of Comparative Economics,30(1), 76-90.[15] Ibaez Tirado, D. (2018). Hierarchies of trade in Yiwu and Dushanbe: the case of an Uzbek merchant family from Tajikistan.History and Anthropology,29(sup1), S31-S47.[16] Mantellini, S. (2014). Settlement dynamics, territory exploitation, and trade routes in the ancient Samarkand oasis (Uzbekistan).B. Genito Vie della Seta: Percorsi, Immagini e Cultura Materiale. II Ciclo di Conferenze, 37-59.[17] Mubinovna, R. F., Nutfulloevna, N. G. (2020). The importance of trade policy in the economic development of the country.Economics, (1 (44)).[18] Mansur, E. (2016). Investment and market structure deployment in the implementation of enterprise value advancement: Case of Uzbekistan.Journal of Management Value and Ethics,6(1).[19] Shermuhamedov, A. T., Ikramov, M. A. (2008). Uzbekistan in the EurAZES. , 93-105.[20] Pomfret, R. (2000). Agrarian reform in Uzbekistan: why has the Chinese model failed to deliver?.Economic Development and Cultural Change,48(2), 269-284.[21] Kudaibergenova, D. T., Shin, B. (2018). Authors and Authoritarianism in Central Asia: Failed Agency and Nationalising Authoritarianism in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan.Asian Studies Review,42(2), 304-322.[22] Allayarov, S. A., Ravshanova, M. (2021). Financial Technology: Development of Innovative Fintech Start-Ups and Its Application in Banking System of Uzbekistan.International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding,8(9), 214-219.[23] Raballand, G., sy, A. (2007). Why should trade between Central Asia and China continue to expand?.Asia Europe Journal,5(2), 235-252.[24] Kurmanalieva, E., Parpiev, Z. (2008). Geography and trade in Central Asia.Available at SSRN 1824933.[25] Olcott, M. B. (2004). International Gas Trade in Central Asia: Turkmenistan, Iran, Russia and Afghanistan.[26] Grafe, C., Raiser, M., Reconsidering regional trade in Central Asia.Journal of Comparative Economics,36(3), 453-466.[27] Mogilevskii, R. (2012). Trends and patterns in foreign trade of Central Asian countries.University of Central Asia, Institute of Public Policy and Administration, Working Paper, (1).[28] Ibraimov, S. (2009, February). China-Central Asia Trade Relations: Economic and Social Patterns. InChina Eurasia Forum Quarterly(Vol. 7, No. 1).[29] Watson, R. (2015). Quantitative research.Nursing Standard (2014 ),29(31), 44.[30] Bloomfield, J., Fisher, M. J. (2019). Quantitative research design.Journal of the Australasian Rehabilitation Nurses Association,22(2), 27-30.

2. 研究的基本内容、问题解决措施及方案

Research Problems1.How and why Uzbek Trade get its routes to progress and why its trade weightage enhanced in Central Asia?2.The Policies about imports and exports in Uzbekistan have been formulized after 1991, its impact on Central Asian Trade.3.Trade structure of Uzbekistan is complicated while discussing its relation with Central Asian nations and others.4.Statistical approach and comparative analysis based on Uzbek trade and its progress in Central Asia needs detail oriental research.Research Questions1.What factors should be considered while assessing Uzbekistan's trade with the Central Asian countries?2.What kinds of trade policies do impact on trade system in Central Asia determined by Uzbekistan?3.What kind of weightage of import and export revered Uzbekistan and its structure?4.How economic activities of Uzbekistan handle trade fluctuation in Central Asia? Research Methodology This research project takes a mixed-approaches approach, combining quantitative and qualitative research methods. In the lab, qualitative methods based on mixed methods would be employed to focus on alternative models as well as scientific analyses [29]. Quantitative research, on the other hand, would take the form of surveys, interviews, and all published material relating to our issue, such as reports, theses, manuscripts, research papers, articles, blogs, and website content [30]. Finally, an empirical technique based on Uzbek trade patterns and recent structure with Central Asian countries will be used to test the proposition. All financial institutions, trade banks, and economic bodies in the country would be chosen to obtain and manage the required data as a result of this. Finally, the statistical analysis as well as the obtained figures would be the ideal tools for determining this investigation based on secondary research methods. The primary priority for synthesizing essential knowledge would be both private and public entities. Furthermore, the data would be divided into figurative and statistical categories, with sentences and cones of the collected data being examined using selected models and diagrams. The essence of any research is scientific procedures for data processing, and in this view, trade data would be synthesized and evaluated precisely to pursue this research in favor of Uzbek imports and exports to Central Asian countries. In order to ensure that the findings are as reliable as possible, the sample time is also regulated. The sample sizes would be typical, with little in the way of quantity or required information. A variety of approaches can be used to evaluate the influence of Uzbekistan's exports on the country's foreign revenue levels. All factors of Uzbek trade would be examined in terms of variables, with the purpose of achieving the research objectives.