1. 研究目的与意义

With the incredibly rapid development of science and technology, the world has becoming more integrated. People from various nations and religions have more affinity consanguinity than before and communicate more frequently with each other. Foreign language plays an important role in the cross-cultural communication. As we all know, when communicating with native speakers, pragmatic failures inevitably come into being. And some of them may lead to terrible misunderstandings, affecting the smooth process of cross-cultural communication.

Only when understanding and taking measures to avoid pragmatic failures in cross-cultural communication, can people in the world communicate well. The distance among people from different countries will be narrowed. The world will be more prosperous.

2. 研究内容和预期目标

The thesis intends to give a detailed analysis of pragmatic failures. The thesis mainly consists of five parts: introduction, cross-cultural communication, pragmatic failures, methods to avoid pragmatic failures and conclusion. Firstly, introduction is concerned with the purpose of this paper , the significance of this topic, etc. Secondly, the part of pragmatic failures is the main body in this paper. It includes the definition, classification, analysis of causes.

3. 国内外研究现状

These studies concentrate on such social behavioral manners as asking questions, apologizing, giving and responding to compliments, making introductions, giving refusals and leave-taking (Walters 1979; Wolfson 1981; Soong 1985); a comparison of giving and responding to compliments in the Polish and English language (Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, 1989); Steven''''s (1993) study to Arabic and English refusals by using a written DCT (Discourse Completion Test); issues of face in a problematic Chinese business visit to Britain (Spencer-Oateyamp;Xing,2000) and a study demonstrating the nature of pragmatic failure in telephone requests by non-native hotel maids (Gibbs, 2001).

4. 计划与进度安排

1. introduction

2. cross-cultural communication

2.1 the relationship between culture and communication

5. 参考文献

[1] austin, j. l., how to do things with words[j]. oxford: oxford university press, 1962.

[2] faerch, c.amp; kasper, g, pragmatic knowledge: rules and procedures [j]. applied linguistics, 1984

[3]kasper,g.fourperspectivesonl2pragmaticdevelopment[j].appliedlinguistics, 2001,22(4).