摘 要

在提倡低碳交通的背景下，国内外许多城市建设了公共自行车系统，其节能、便捷的交通效应已被实践所证实。武汉市人数密集、交通拥堵，是华中地区最大的交通枢纽，出行难已成为城市交通出行的难题，武汉公共自行车在这种大环境下应运而生。然而随着时间的推移，武汉公共自行车系统在运行过程中显现出了问题，这些不足之处妨碍了武汉公共自行车的良性运营，最后导致其原有模式的瘫痪。对公共自行车运营模式的研究，可以全面地把握公共自行车系统的运营过程，明确系统的建设目标，提高各类资源的使用效率，为武汉模式的顺利运行提供理论上最有效的支持^[1]。

本文运用了文献资料法、实地调研法以及案例分析法等方法，从企业运营、政府作用和运营效应这三个方面来对武汉模式进行了科学细致的分析，最后找出了武汉公共自行车原有运营模式——PPP模式失败的原因，即在资源输入、服务以及政府保障等三个大方面存在着不足，最后，对武汉公共自行车系统现有模式提出了有效的建议。

关键词：公共自行车系统；PPP模式；案例分析

Abstract

In the context of promoting low-carbon transport, many cities at home and abroad have constructed a public bicycle system, the advantages of this system have been confirmed by the practice, it can save energy, reduce traffic pressure. Wuhan has a large population density and mobility as the largest transport hub in central China, and the urban transport is facing many problems, the public bicycle system as a solution has been to develop.As the time went by, however, the Wuhan public bicycle system appeared many problems in the course of operations,these problems affected the healthy operation of Wuhan public bicycle, and finally made its original mode paralysis. Researching on the public system can grasp the operating procedure, make clear of the building goal of the system, improve efficiency of various resources, and provide the most effective support for mode the of Wuhan.

In this paper, i have used the literature, field research method and case analysis method. This paper analyzes the mode of Wuhan scientifically from business operations, the effect of government and operational effects of these three aspects, and finally find out the failure reason of Wuhan mode at the aspect in the input of resources, the service and the guarantee of government. Finally, i put forward effective suggestion to the Wuhan public system.

Keywords：public bicycle system；PPP mode；case analysis

目录

1. 绪论.................................................................................................................1

1.1 研究背景............................................................................................................1

1.2 研究目的............................................................................................................1

1.3 研究意义............................................................................................................1

1.4 国内外公共自行车发展状况............................................................................2

1.4.1 国外公共自行车发展状况.........................................................................2

1.4.2 我国公共自行车发展状况.........................................................................2

第2章 武汉公共自行车原有运营模式——PPP模式介绍......................................3

2.1 武汉模式——PPP模式简介............................................................................3

2.1.1 PPP模式简介..............................................................................................3

2.1.2 PPP模式的主要优缺点..............................................................................3

2.2 企业运营...........................................................................................................4

2.3 政府作用...........................................................................................................6

2.3.1 在政策上的作用.........................................................................................6

2.3.2 在财政投入上的作用.................................................................................6

2.3.3 在道路保障上的作用.................................................................................7

2.4 运营效应............................................................................................................7

2.4.1 规模效应.....................................................................................................7

2.4.2 节能效应.....................................................................................................7

2.4.3 其他效应.....................................................................................................7

第3章 武汉公共自行车原有运营模式——PPP模式失败的原因..........................9

3.1 输入资源环节....................................................................................................9

3.1.1 运营资金存在瓶颈.....................................................................................9

3.1.2 设施资源不能满足需求...........................................................................10

3.1.3 缺乏对信息资源的管理...........................................................................10

3.2 服务转化环节..................................................................................................10

3.2.1 服务定价不稳定.......................................................................................10

3.2.2 服务流程设计不足...................................................................................10

3.2.3 服务宣传不足...........................................................................................11

3.3 政府保障层面..................................................................................................11

3.3.1 规制主体不明确.......................................................................................11

3.3.2 补贴机制不健全.......................................................................................11

3.3.3 道路保障不够...........................................................................................11

第4章 对武汉公共自行车现有运营模式的建议...................................................13