论文总字数：19282字

摘 要

随着中国人口老龄化的日趋严重，人们生活水平也在不断提升的背景下，我国更加致力于提升老年人和残疾人的生活质量。现存辅助老年人或肢体残疾人上下床以及上厕所灯日常行为的轮椅比较欠缺且不完善，在不使用辅助器具的前提下照顾肢体残疾人或老年人需要耗费大量的体力和精力。为减轻照顾者的负担还有提高肢体残疾人自主活动的积极性而设计一款便捷辅助轮椅，对其功能性的设计就显得非常重要。

针对辅助轮椅的功能及造型特征，以产品系统设计理念指导其整体开发设计流程， 归纳总结出辅助轮椅功能造型设计的方法和准则，并以其指导设计实践。本课题将以产品设计系统的一般原则和流程推进项目，通过对产品调研对现有轮椅产品产生一个全面的认识，充分了解其发展状况、用户使用情况、造型规律、技术与工艺、交互方式等情况，得出明确的产品定位。在此基础上对其外观造型、人机交互、功能拓展等方面的改进。在设计过程中充分考虑两种不同用户群体的人机环境因素，对辅助轮椅的功能及环境适应性解构后进行设计，针对辅助轮椅的实际使用场所及使用环境，给出完备的功能适应性解决方案，在实践中不断修正辅助轮椅造型设计、人机交互等的方法和准则。

研究创新点：针对室内环境和轮椅功能进行便捷性设计，并对轮椅结构和功能进行解构分析，提出一套适用于实际使用环境的功能性衍生设计方案，以实现老龄人或下肢体残疾人的轻松转换，提高活动能力。

关键词 ：辅助轮椅 老龄化 概念设计 产品系统设计 适应性设计

Design of an auxiliary wheelchair for Population Ageing

ABSTRACT

With the increasingly serious aging of China's population and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, China is more committed to improving the quality of life of the elderly and disabled. The existing wheelchairs that assist the elderly or the physically disabled in their daily activities of getting up and down the bed and going to the toilet lamp are relatively inadequate and incomplete. It requires a lot of physical strength and energy to take care of the physically disabled or the elderly without the use of auxiliary devices. To reduce the burden of caregivers and improve the initiative of the physically disabled in autonomous activities is to design a convenient auxiliary wheelchair, which is very important for its functional derivative design.

view of the functions and modeling characteristics of the wheelchair, the product system design concept is used to guide the overall development and design process of the wheelchair. This topic will promote the project with the general principles and processes of the product design system, and generate a comprehensive understanding of the existing wheelchair products through product research, fully understand its development status, user usage, modeling law, technology and process, interaction mode, and so on, so as to obtain a clear product positioning. On this basis, its appearance modeling, human-computer interaction, function development and other aspects of improvement. Full consideration in the design process of two different user groups of the man-machine environment factor, the auxiliary functions and environmental adaptability of wheelchair after deconstruction to carry on the design, according to the actual use of auxiliary wheelchair place and use environment, fully functional adaptability solution is given, in practice continuously revised assisted wheelchair modelling design, human-computer interaction, such as methods and principles.

Research innovation: designed the indoor environment and wheelchair functions for convenience, and deconstructed the structure and functions of the wheelchair, proposed a set of functional derivative design scheme suitable for the actual use of the environment, in order to achieve the elderly or the lower limb disabled easy conversion, improve the ability to move

Keywords: Assisted wheelchair; Ageing; Conceptual design; Product system design; Adaptive design

目 录

摘 要 2

ABSTRACT I

第一章 产品调研 1

1.1市场调研 1

1.1.1轮椅的定义及使用背景 1

1.1.2辅助轮椅的市场及发展概况 3

1.1.3轮椅发展现状分析 3

1.1.4现有品牌分析 4

1.1.5现有产品分析 6

1.1.6市场调研总结 7

1.2用户调研 7

1.2.1用户需求分析 7

1.2.2用户调研总结 10

1.3人机调研 10

1.3.1老年人的生理特征分析 10

1.3.2老年人的心理特征分析 13

1.3.3使用环境分析 14

1.3.4人机环境调研小结 14

1.4技术调研 15

1.4.1轮椅的功能调研 15

1.4.2轮椅的材料与加工工艺调研 15

1.5轮椅的造型规律调研 17

1.5.1轮椅的造型设计分析 17

1.5.2轮椅的色彩规律分析 18

1.6相关法律法规调研 19

1.7设计定位 20

第二章 产品方案设计 21

2.1初期方案设计 21

2.2中期方案设计 23

2.3最终方案设计 26

第三章 产品结构设计 27

3.1轮椅装配图 27

3.2轮椅爆炸图 28

3.3轮椅结构组成示意图 28

第四章 人机环境设计 29

4.1轮椅使用环境分析 29

4.2轮椅使用人群分析 31

第五章 颜色、材料、工艺设计分析 35

5.1产品色彩设计 35

5.2产品材料与加工工艺 39

第六章 产品方案成本核算 41

第七章 产品最终效果图 43

结束语 47

参考文献 48

致谢 50

第一章 产品调研

1.1市场调研

1.1.1轮椅的定义及使用背景

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