论文总字数：23803字

摘 要

随着人们生活水平的显著提高、生活压力的增大以及不良的饮食习惯，导致越来越多的人深受高血压及其并发症的困扰，如中风、心脏衰竭、下肢动脉硬化等，同时患病群体也逐渐呈现年轻化的趋势。如何从日常生活中做到有效预防，及时监测，向广大用户群体，提供一个易感知、易识别、易理解与易操作的设备显得尤为重要。本文，尝试通过多感官设计原理，尤其以视力低下的盲人用户群体为研究对象，进行血压计的改良与优化设计。

本文以视力低下，如盲人为用户群体进行设计调研，以盲人跨感觉通道的重组的行为代偿现象，充分研究盲人用户的生活行为、心理特征，结合人机工程学、设计心理学等相关知识，基于交互设计原则，从人文关怀角度出发，旨在设计出一款适合视障人士使用的血压计。主要工作如下：

（一）理论上，梳理了盲人感官代偿的认知特性；从心理学的角度分析了视障人士的特殊心理需求；从人机交互的角度阐明了盲人在与产品交互时特殊的操作引导。

（二）在设计实践中，基于多感官原理，充分利用盲人的其他通道如触觉、听觉等，进行设计要素的转化，从而为目标用户提供一个易感知、易识别、易理解与易操作的产品设计。

罗尔斯的分配正义与平等原则强调，使社会中处境最不利的成员获得最大的利益，才是体现制度的公平与平等。致力于盲人血压计的设计研究，不仅体现了对社会弱势群体的关注，使他们全方位地享受到信息社会带来的各种福利与便利，这也是致力于和谐社会建设的必要举措。

关键字：视障人士 血压计 多感官代偿

Abstract

With the significant improvement of people's living standards, the increase in living pressure and poor eating habits, more and more people are deeply troubled by hypertension and its complications, such as stroke, heart failure, arteriosclerosis of the lower extremities, etc. The diseased groups are gradually showing a younger trend. How to effectively prevent from daily life, monitor in time, and provide a user-friendly, easy-to-identify, easy-to-understand, and easy-to-operate device to the general user community is particularly important. In this paper, we try to improve and optimize the design of the sphygmomanometer through the principle of multi-sensory design, especially the blind user group with low vision.

This article uses low vision, such as blind people as user colony to conduct design surveys. Based on the blind people's behavioral compensation for cross-sensory channel reorganization, blind users' life behavior and psychological characteristics are fully studied. From the perspective of humanistic care, it aimed to design a sphygmomanometer suitable for visually impaired people by the principle of ergonomics, design psychology and other related knowledge which based on interactive design. The work that had been done is as follows:

1. In theory, the cognitive characteristics of blind sensory compensation are combed. From the perspective of psychology, it analyzes the special psychological needs of visually impaired people; From the perspective of human-computer interaction, it clarifies the special operation guidance of blind people when interacting with products.
2. In practice, make full use of other channels of the blind, such as tactile, auditory and so on to transform the design elements with the principle of multiple sense. Finally, we provided the target user a product design that is easy to perceive, recognize, understand and operate.

Rawls ’principle of distributive justice and equality emphasizes that it is fair and equal to maximize the benefits for the most disadvantaged people in society. Committed to the design and research of blind sphygmomanometers not only reflected the concern for the disadvantaged groups that they should have enjoyed all the benefits and convenience brought by the information society in an all-round way, which was also a necessary measure for the construction of a harmonious society.

Key words: the blind；Sphygmomanometer；Multisensory compensation

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 产品调研 1

1.1市场调研 1

1.1.1 血压计的定义与分类 1

1.1.2 血压计的行业发展与品牌分析 2

1.1.3现有盲人电子血压计 9

1.1.4 血压计的市场前景 9

1.1.5 市场调研小结 10

1.2人机环境调研 10

1.2.1电子血压计的人机系统与人机界面 10

1.2.2电子血压计的尺寸 11

1.2.3电子血压计的人机功能分析 14

1.2.4人机调研小结 16

1.3用户调研 16

1.3.1 用户人群定位 16

1.3.2 用户生活场景分析 16

1.3.3 视障人士的生理特征 17

1.3.4 视障人士的心理特征 18

1.3.4 用户调研小结 19

1.4造型规律与色彩调研 19

1.4.1 现有产品的造型规律分析 19

1.4.2 现有产品的色彩应用分析 19

1.4.3造型规律与色彩调研小结 20

1.5技术调研 20

1.5.1 电子血压计的工作原理 21

1.5.2电子血压计的结构 21

1.5.3 电子血压计的材料加工工艺 22

1.5.4技术调研小结 23

1.6行业规范调研 23

1.6.1 产品适用的相关标准 23

1.6.2 注册单元划分的原则和实例 23

1.6.3生物相容性研究 24

1.6.4产品的技术指标与生产制造要求 24

1.7设计定位 24

第二章 方案设计 25

2.1 前期方案设计 25

2.2 中期方案设计 27

2.3 最终方案设计 29

第三章 结构设计 31

3.1 产品总装图 31

3.2 产品三视图 32

3.3 产品爆炸图 33

第四章 人机交互界面分析 35

4.1产品操作方式分析 35

4.2产品操作界面分析 36

4.3产品人机环境分析 37

第五章 产品色彩设计 39

5.1色彩设计 39

第六章 材料与工艺分析 41

6.1成型材料与工艺 41

6.2表面处理的材料与工艺 42

第七章 产品成本预算 45

7.1产品的成本构成 45

7.2产品出厂价格 45

第八章 产品最终效果图 47

8.1计算机效果图表现 47

结束语 50

参考文献 51

致谢 53

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