摘 要

唐代纹样种类丰富且造型富丽，尤其外来文化进入后，外来植物纹样不仅在唐朝站稳了脚跟，还吸收融合了我国的本土文化，使植物纹样开始大放异彩。通过研究唐代引入外来的植物纹样的促进因素，发现诸多的因素使唐朝人的审美观念发生了变化，加之国外植物纹样的大量进入让植物纹样不再处于被忽视的地位，这才使植物纹样得到全面多元地发展。而唐代女性的活跃激发了女性的审美与个性，也让唐代女性与外来植物纹样之间的联系更为紧密。唐朝人对饮食的重视和对香料的依赖也促进了唐朝人对外来植物纹样的接受程度和植物纹样间的互相交融。

在研究了唐代引入外来植物纹样的促进因素后，对其具有代表性的外来植物纹样进行归纳分析，如将葡萄纹、石榴纹与唐草纹、宝相花纹对应分类。从其造型、结构和色彩入手得到其演变规律，即前者都为外来的植物纹样，后者都是中西方文化相互结合的大成之作；前者为后者的发展奠定了基础，后者是在吸收了前者特征的基础上演变发展而形成的我国特有的传统植物纹样。唐代外来植物纹样已经融入我国社会生活的方方面面，植物纹样之间相辅相成也促进了我国本土植物纹样的演变与发展，也对后世装饰纹样的发展开创了一个繁荣的新局面。

关键词：唐代、外来植物纹样、促进因素、纹样造型、发展变化

Abstract

The patterns in Tang Dynasty, especially with the invasion of foreign culture, have abundant kinds and gorgeous modellings. Foreign plant patterns not only rooted in the Tang Dynasty, but also absorbed our native culture, which makes the plant pattern began to shine. Through the study of the reasons for the emergence of exotic plant patterns in the Tang Dynasty, it was found that many factors changed the aesthetic concept of the Tang dynasty. And, the large number of foreign plant patterns entered and then make the plant patterns no longer be ignored. And this makes the plant pattern to be comprehensive and diversified development. While the active women of the Tang Dynasty inspired women’s aesthetics and personalities. But also it makes the Tang Dynasty women and exotic plant patterns becoming more closely. Tang Dynasty’s emphasis on diet and the dependence on spices also promoted the Tang Dynasty’s acceptance of alien plant patterns and the interplay of plant patterns.

After studying the stimulative effects of the emergence of exotic plant patterns in the Tang Dynasty, the representative patterns of exotic plant were analyzed, such as the classification of grape pattern and Tang grass pattern, pomegranate pattern and lotus flower pattern. From its shape, structure and color to get its evolution, that is, the former are foreign plant patterns, and the latter are the outstanding works of combination of Chinese and Western culture. The former laid the foundation for the development of the latter. The latter is on the basis of the absorption of the characteristics of the former, and then evolved the development of the formation of our unique traditional plant patterns. The pattern of alien plants in the Tang Dynasty has been integrated into all aspects of social life in our country. The complementarity of plant patterns has also promoted the evolution and development of Chinese native plant patterns and created a prosperous new situation for the development of later decorative patterns.

Key Words：Tang Dynasty; Exotic plant patterns; Stimulative effects; Pattern’s shape; Development and changes

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2研究现状 1

1.3研究方法与创新点 2

1.3.1研究方法 2

1.3.2创新点 2

第二章 唐代引入外来植物纹样的促进因素 4

2.1宗教促进外来植物纹样的引入 5

2.2园艺促进外来植物纹样的引入 6

2.3饮食促进外来植物纹样的引入 7

2.4香料促进外来植物纹样的引入 8

2.5时尚促进外来植物纹样的引入 9

2.5.1女性配饰、服饰及妆饰 9

2.5.2植物香与女人香 11

2.5.3女性的胡化风尚 12

2.6小结 13

第三章 唐代代表性外来植物纹样 14

3.1石榴纹样 14

3.2 葡萄纹样 14

3.3 莲花纹样 16

3.4 忍冬纹样 17

3.5 小结 18

第四章 唐代外来植物纹样对传统纹样的影响 19

4.1葡萄纹对唐草纹的影响 19

4.1.1 造型 19

4.1.2 结构 22

4.1.3 色彩 23

4.2 石榴纹对宝相花纹的影响 24

4.2.1 造型 24

4.2.2 结构 26

4.2.3 色彩 27

4.3 小结 27

第五章 结语 29

参考文献 30

致 谢 33

第一章 绪论

1.1研究背景

中华文化源远流长、博大精深，历朝历代都有着自己灿烂辉煌的文化流传。纵观古代中国史，唐朝无疑是古代中国朝代中最璀璨的篇章，无论是其政治制度的开明还是其文化交流的开放，都让整个中国达到了历史的鼎盛巅峰。正因为有汉朝丝绸之路的开通和魏晋南北朝的战乱纷扰等诸多元素的影响，让唐朝在政治、经济、文学、日常生活等方方面面都融入了新鲜元素和新鲜血液，这更使其文化呈现万花筒般多姿多彩。

中国漫长的纹样历史中，在唐朝的这段历史就诞生了无数华美的装饰纹样，而这些纹样也已成为很多学者争相研究的对象。装饰纹样按其所选装饰题材大致可以分为三类，分别是动物纹样、植物纹样和几何纹样，而唐代的装饰纹样也有外来和本土之分。在我国古代的装饰纹样中，动物纹样和几何纹样占据了非常大的比重，也有着较为重要的地位。相对于从原始社会开始便有着耀眼地位的动物纹样和几何纹样，植物纹样的发展较为迟缓，它从唐代开始才有了充分的发展和广泛的应用。但这并不是说植物纹样不重要，相反，植物纹样与动物纹样一样与人类的生活息息相关。