浅谈农村污水生态处理 摘要：农村生活污水的无序排放，已经严重的影响了生态环境，并且有可能会污染水源，引起流行疾病的传播。

所以根据农村生活污水的水质特征和水量特征，设计出一套适合当地经济环境情况的水处理工艺十分有必要。

现在常见的农村污水生态处理工艺有生物型处理工艺，其特点是占地面积比较小，而且在处理过程中产生的污泥量也比较少、负荷高、抗冲击能力强。

还有人工湿地系统，其特点是操作比较简单、投资管理费用低。

稳定塘污水处理系统，运行过程中费用低，维护较为方便，但是十分容易受到自然环境的影响。

根据当地条件，选择合适的处理方式以完成对农村生活污水的规范有序处理。

关键词：农村生活污水、生态处理、生物型处理工艺、人工湿地系统 Talking about the ecological treatment of rural sewage Summary：The disorderly discharge of rural domestic sewage has seriously affected the ecological environment and may pollute water sources and cause the spread of epidemic diseases. Therefore, according to the water quality characteristics and water quantity characteristics of rural domestic sewage, it is necessary to design a water treatment process suitable for the local economic environment. Nowadays, the common rural sewage ecological treatment process has a biological treatment process, which is characterized by a relatively small footprint, and the amount of sludge generated during the treatment process is relatively small, the load is high, and the impact resistance is strong. There is also a constructed wetland system, which is characterized by relatively simple operation and low investment management costs. The stable pond sewage treatment system has low cost and convenient maintenance during operation, but is very susceptible to the natural environment. According to local conditions, choose the appropriate treatment to complete the standardized and orderly treatment of rural domestic sewage. Key words：Rural domestic sewage、Ecological treatment、Biological treatment process、Constructed wetland system 1、村镇生活污水处理现状 随着中国经济的飞速发展，洗衣机、卫生洁具、沐浴设备走进家家户户，这导致村镇的人均日用水量和生活污水排放量急剧增加，因此产生了大量的生活污水；然而村镇人口分散，几乎没有任何生活污水的收集和处理设施，这使得村镇生活污水成为影响水环境的重要因素，尤其是在水源地、库区等地区对水质具有不可忽视的影响。

而且污水会直接危害农民的身体健康，很容易导致一些流行性疾病的发生与传播[1]。

就目前来说，我国村镇生活污水处理设施并不完善，中小城镇的污水处理率仅有10%左右，农村地区生活污水处理率更低，很多生活污水未经过任何处理就直接进行排放。

随着三河、三湖污染加重，我国加大了对农村生活污水处理问题关注的力度，然而农村生活污水治理工程还不完善，许多技术仍然处于研究示范的初级阶段，而且相应的治理工程也十分少，因此生活污水治理依旧面临挑战。