摘 要

本次毕业设计旨在对大学四年所学的专业知识进行系统性的整合，为毕业后的工作打下坚实的知识理论基础。

此计算书是针对“华夏理工学院某教学楼设计”所做的计算书。本教学楼为五层钢筋混凝土框架结构，建筑面积约4500m²，底层层高4.5m，标准层层高4.2m，采用上人屋面。

在进行建筑设计中，首先根据设计使用要求和相应的建筑规范初步确定布局，同时考虑了施工要求及可行性，然后画出CAD平面图，在建筑老师的带领下发现设计中的问题，并作出相应的改正，最终确定建筑设计图。在进行结构设计时，选择第3榀横向框架作为计算书的手算部分，分别计算了恒荷载，活荷载，风荷载以及地震作用对结构的影响及内力，并以此为依据对结构构件进行配筋，作出结构施工图。

在本次设计中针对不同的荷载特点采用不同的计算方法，对所学知识进行了系统全面的复习，对于建筑规范以及设计施工中的一些注意事项也有了较为深入的了解，框架计算中运用了理论公式计算又运用了当前工程设计中常用的近似计算方法，很好的为以后的工作积累了经验。

关键词：钢筋混凝土结构；框架结构；结构设计；建筑设计

Abstract

The purpose of this graduation project is to systematically integrate the professional knowledge learned in the past four years, and lay a solid theoretical foundation for the work after graduation.

This calculation sheet is designed for a teaching building of Huaxia Institute of technology. The teaching building is a five story reinforced concrete frame structure, with a building area of about 4500m², a bottom floor height of 4.5m, and a standard floor height of 4.2m. The upper roof is adopted.

In the process of architectural design, the layout is initially determined according to the requirements of design use and corresponding building codes, and the construction requirements and feasibility are considered at the same time. Then, the CAD plan is drawn, and the problems in the design are found under the guidance of the construction teacher, and the corresponding corrections are made to finally determine the architectural design drawing. In the structural design, the third transverse frame is selected as the manual calculation part of the calculation, and the influence and internal force of the dead load, live load, wind load and seismic action on the structure are calculated respectively. Based on this, the structural members are reinforced and the structural construction drawing is made.

In this design, different calculation methods are adopted according to different load characteristics, the knowledge learned is reviewed systematically and comprehensively, and some precautions in building code and design and construction are also understood deeply. Theoretical formula calculation is used in frame calculation, and the approximate calculation method commonly used in current engineering design is also used, which is very good for future work Accumulated experience.

Key Word: reinforced concrete structure；frame structure；structure design；

architectural design

目录

·第1章 绪论………………………………………………………..…..1

·第2章 设计资料………………………………………………………2

2.1工程名称………..…………………………………………………2

2.2工程概况………..…………………………………………………2

2.3建筑等级………..…………………………………………………2

2.4设计荷载………..…………………………………………………2

2.5抗震设防………..…………………………………………………2

2.6地质资料………..…………………………………………………2

2.7材料选用………..…………………………………………………2

·第3章 结构选型………………………………………………………4

3.1柱网布置………..…………………………………………………4

3.2计算单元选取………..……………………………………………4

3.3梁、柱截面尺寸的初步估计………..……………………………4

3.3.1梁截面初选….…..……………………………………………4

3.3.2柱界面初选….…..……………………………………………5

·第4章 侧移刚度的计算.…..……………………………………….…6

·第5章 竖向荷载作用下的内力计算…………………………………7

5.1计算单元………………………………………...…………………7

5.2恒荷载计算……………………………………...…………………7

5.2.1屋面框架梁线荷载标准值…………………...……………….8

5.2.2屋面框架节点集中荷载标准值……………...……………….8

5.2.3一到四层框架梁线荷载标准值……………...……………….9

5.2.4一到四层框架节点集中荷载标准值……………...………….10

5.2.5一层框架以下的荷载………………………...……………….11

5.3恒荷载作用下的框架内力计算………………...…………………12

5.3.1荷载………………...………………………………………….12

5.3.2计算固端弯矩及力矩分配………………...………………….12

5.3.3计算跨中弯矩…………...…………………………………….14

5.3.4计算梁端剪力…………...…………………………………….16

5.3.5计算柱端剪力…………...…………………………………….17

5.3.6柱的轴力计算…………...…………………………………….18

5.4活荷载计算…………...……………………………………………20

5.4.1活荷载取值…………...……………………………………….20

5.4.2活荷载计算…………...……………………………………….20

5.5活荷载作用下的框架内力计算………………...…………………21

5.5.1荷载…………...……………………………………………….21

5.5.2计算固端弯矩及力矩分配…………...……………………….21

5.5.3计算跨中弯矩…………...…………………………………….23

5.5.4计算梁端剪力…………...…………………………………….25

5.5.5计算柱端剪力…………...…………………………………….26

5.5.6柱的轴力计算…………...…………………………………….28

·第6章 横向荷载作用下的内力计算…………...……………………..30

6.1风荷载…………...…………………………………………………..30

6.1.1风荷载作用力计算…………...………………………………...30

6.1.2风荷载作用下位移计算（D值法）…………...……………...31

6.1.3框架柱的剪力分配计算…………...…………………………...31

6.1.4框架柱的反弯点高度计算…………...………………………...33

6.1.5风荷载作用下的框架内力计算…………...…………………...34

6.2水平地震荷载作用…………...……………………………………..38

6.2.1重力荷载代表值的计算…………...…………………………...38

6.2.2水平地震作用力的计算（基底剪力法）…………...………...39

6.2.3水平地震作用下框架的侧移验算…………...………………...40

6.2.4水平地震作用下框架内力计算（D值法）…………...……...40

·第7章 内力调整…………...……………………………………………45

7.1竖向荷载作用下的梁端弯矩调幅…………...……………………..45