信息技术应用于教学的利弊研究

Dionne Georges

摘要：随着新课改的不断深入和现代信息科技的不断发展，信息技术已经成为现代教学中一个不可或缺的重要教学手段。信息技术教学指的是教学方式的信息化和教育评价体系的信息化，主要包括多媒体教学技术、教师教学的数字化评价体系和对学生的数字化的评价体系。信息技术教学的优点是可以提升课堂的趣味性，可以促进师生双方教学相长，评价体系具有准确性、客观性和过程性。但是同时也具有减弱学生主动思考的能力，扰乱学生在课堂上的注意力等缺点。

关键词：信息技术;教学;利弊

随着国家对学生教育重视程度的不断提升和新课改的不断深入，当代教育界越来越重视教学过程中教学方式的转变，这种转变一方面是教学思想上的转变，例如将传统以灌输为主的教学思想转变为以学生为主体的教学思想；另一方面，这种转变也是一种具体教学方法上的转变，其中最值得注意的是现代信息技术手段在教学领域的应用。通过将现代信息技术运用于课程教学可以提升学生学习的效率，丰富教师教学的手段。但是，如果过度运用现代科技手段，也会带来分散学生注意力、过度引入知识等弊端。由此，在教学过程中如何合理运用信息技术就成了现代教育过程中亟待解决的一个问题。

1. 信息技术在教学中的应用

信息技术这一词的含义很广，就广义而言，它主要指用于管理和处理信息所采用的各种技术的总称；就狭义而言，它主要指运用计算机和网络等手段来处理各类信息实现各类信息网络化的技术手段。在传统的课堂中，教师教学的各类信息主要是通过板书、口授的方式实现的。融入了信息技术的教学方式，则可以在很大程度上弥补传统教学方式的局限。那么，信息技术在现代教学中的应用方式到底是什么呢？我们可以从以下3个方面来看。

一是从教学的受众或者从教学的手段上来看，信息技术在教学中的应用主要表现为多媒体教学技术。所谓多媒体教学并不是简单的使用PPT或者电脑进行教学，而是通过两种或者两种以上的媒体实现人与信息间的相互交换。多媒体教学不是为了引入多媒体而教学，而是以更多的方式展现信息，将抽象的信息以图片、声音等更加直观的方式展现，从而实现学生在学习过程中更加全面的吸收信息。例如，在数学教学中，一种方程式的教学就可以通过电脑以表现这种方程式的各类事物来向学生传达。这样，方程式就不仅是抽象的各类数字的结合，而且也表现为身边的各类事物。

二是从教学的传授者，简单地说就是从教师来看，信息技术在教学中的应用又主要表现为教师教学的数字化评价体系。在以往的教学中，如何评价一个老师的教学水平，往往取决于其所教学生的成绩的好坏。这种结果导向的评价体系固然具有一定的合理性，但是同样也具有不可复制性。对教学的数字化评价体系的目的就在于通过对能带高分老师的教学方式的共同性的提取，得出一整套可以复制的教学方法，并以此为参考系，为老师提供一个普遍适用的考核标准。

三是从对学生的考核的角度老看，信息技术在教学的应用又主要表现为对学生的数字化的评价体系。在以往的教学中，评价一个学生的优劣完全取决于其成绩的高低。一个学生的努力程度如何、一个学生自身的实际能力如何从未被纳入考核中，然而通过数字化的评价体系，则可以通过对学生的动态监控，实现对学生评价的立体化。

综上所述，笔者认为信息技术在教学中的应用主要分为3个方面，即多媒体的教学方式、教师教学的数字化评价体系和对学生的数字化的评价体系

1. 信息技术在教学应用中的优点

就上文的论述而言，我们可以看出，信息技术在教学用中的目的可以分为两种，第一种应用的主要目的是拓展信息的传播渠道、提升学生学习的效率，后两种应用的主要目的则是通过信息化的方式为评价学生和老师提供一种更加准确的平台。我们也可以从这两个方面来看信息技术在教学应用中的点。

就信息科技可以扩展信息的传播渠道，提升学生学习的效率而言。信息技术在教学应用具有以下优点。

一是提升课堂的趣味性，激发学生学习的积极性。在教学中，现代信息技术通过图画、声像和影像的方式将知识信息呈现在学生面前，将死板抽象的知识体系变为了趣味性的图像、音乐，给学生声临其境之感，由此使教学课堂从灌输式的被动教学，变为学生主动体验的主动式教学。二是促进教学相长，提升教师能力。在传统的教学中，教师的任务就是将课本的知识完整地传递给学生。长此以往，教师本身的水平也会受到限制。

就信息科技可以提供评价学生和老师准确的评价体系而言，信息技术在教学应用具有以下优点。

一是准确和客观性。相对于传统的以人的主观评价为中心，以学生的成绩为导向的评价方式。信息化的评价体系，能更加准确地记录师生在教学过程中的各种行为，从而更能真实准确地对师生做出评价。

二是过程性。由于信息化的评价体系着力于记录师生在教学过程中的全流程信息，因此，其更能够反映出师生在教学过程中每一个环节的得与失。信息化评价体系的最终目的虽然也是提升学生的成绩，但是它更加注重分析导致学生成绩产生波动的各种因素，这些因素包括心理因素、客观因素等，通过对这些大数据的分析得出指导学生和老师继续发展的最佳路径。

1. 信息技术在教学应用中的缺点

信息技术在教学中的应用虽然具有以上优点，但是在运用信息技术进行教学的过程中，笔者也发现其具有以下缺点。

一是师生双方的互动性逐渐减弱。传统的教学方式主要以教师灌输为主，信息技术教学则主要以学生的自我体验为主。在这个过程中，学生虽然获得了对知识的更加生动的理解，但是，对知识理解的深度则有所欠缺。这就需要教师进行深度的剖析。信息技术教学主要以课件、多媒体为主要工具，这在一定程度上，就排除了教师在教学中的主导地位，教师传道受业解惑的功能没有得到很好的发挥。

二是学生主动思考的能力有所减弱。传统教育中，知识的传授方式虽然是以抽象的方式呈现的，但是，这在一定程度上也促进了学生主动地去提出问题解决问题。信息技术教学中，知识以更加立体的形态出现，学生往往会认为那些生动的图片、视频和声音等就是知识本身，对这些东西所包含的本质往往不去探究，这种浅尝辄止的学习方式一旦形成习惯将有百害而无一利。

三是学生学习的注意力会被扰乱。信息技术教学具有极强的生动性，然而学生尚处于心智逐渐发展的状态之中，在这个过程中，他们的注意力往往会被多媒体生动的展示本身所吸引，特别是在小学课堂上，笔者发现学生们往往一节课后只记得多媒体所展现的图片和动画，对于图片动画想表达的东西却茫然无知。

综上所述，笔者认为信息技术教学由于可以提升课堂的趣味性，促进师生双方教学相长，其评价体系又具有准确性、客观性和过程性，因此将逐渐成为现代的主要教学方式，但是我们同时也要认识到这种教学方式是一把双刃剑，它会减弱学生主动思考的能力，会扰乱学生在课堂上的注意力。因此，教师要在教学的过程中发挥作用，将生动的图片和抽象的知识进行。

外文文献出处：Milbank Quarterly journal

附外文文献原文

Research on the advantages and disadvantages of the application of information technology in teaching

Abstract: With the deepening of the new curriculum reform and the continuous development of modern information technology, information technology has become an indispensable and important teaching method in modern teaching. Information technology teaching refers to the information of teaching methods and the information of educational evaluation system, which mainly includes multimedia teaching technology, the digital evaluation system of teachers teaching and the digital evaluation system of students. The advantage of information technology teaching is that it can enhance the fun of the class, promote the benefit of both teachers and students, and the evaluation system has accuracy, objectivity and process. But at the same time, it also has some disadvantages, such as weakening

Keywords: Information technology; Teaching; The pros and cons

With the continuous improvement of the national emphasis on students education and the deepening of the new curriculum reform, the contemporary education sector is paying more and more attention to the change of teaching methods in the teaching process. This change is on the one hand the change of teaching ideology, such as the traditional teaching ideology of inculcating into student-oriented teaching ideology. On the other hand, this change is also a change in specific teaching methods, among which the most notable is the application of modern information technology in the field of teaching. The application of modern information technology in curriculum teaching can improve the efficiency of students learning and enrich the means of teachers teaching. However, if the excessive use of modern technology means, will also lead to the distraction of students, excessive introduction of knowledge and other disadvantages. Therefore, how to rationally use information technology in the process of teaching has become an urgent problem to be solved in the process of modern education.

(I) The application of information technology in teaching

First, from the perspective of the teaching audience or teaching means, the application of information technology in teaching is mainly manifested as multimedia teaching technology. The so-called multimedia teaching is not simply the use of PPT or computer teaching, but through two or more media to achieve the exchange between people and information. Multimedia teaching is not to introduce multimedia teaching, but to show information in more ways, the abstract information in a more intuitive way such as pictures, sound, so that students in the learning process more comprehensive absorption of information. In mathematics, for example, the teaching of a

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Research on the advantages and disadvantages of the application of information technology in teaching

Abstract: With the deepening of the new curriculum reform and the continuous development of modern information technology, information technology has become an indispensable and important teaching method in modern teaching. Information technology teaching refers to the information of teaching methods and the information of educational evaluation system, which mainly includes multimedia teaching technology, the digital evaluation system of teachers teaching and the digital evaluation system of students. The advantage of information technology teaching is that it can enhance the fun of the class, promote the benefit of both teachers and students, and the evaluation system has accuracy, objectivity and process. But at the same time, it also has some disadvantages, such as weakening

Keywords: Information technology; Teaching; The pros and cons

With the continuous improvement of the national emphasis on students education and the deepening of the new curriculum reform, the contemporary education sector is paying more and more attention to the change of teaching methods in the teaching process. This change is on the one hand the change of teaching ideology, such as the traditional teaching ideology of inculcating into student-oriented teaching ideology. On the other hand, this change is also a change in specific teaching methods, among which the most notable is the application of modern information technology in the field of teaching. The application of modern information technology in curriculum teaching can improve the efficiency of students learning and enrich the means of teachers teaching. However, if the excessive use of modern technology means, will also lead to the distraction of students, excessive introduction of knowledge and other disadvantages. Therefore, how to rationally use information technology in the process of teaching has become an urgent problem to be solved in the process of modern education.

(I) The application of information technology in teaching

First, from the perspective of the teaching audience or teaching means, the application of information technology in teaching is mainly manifested as multimedia teaching technology. The so-called multimedia teaching is not simply the use of PPT or computer teaching, but through two or more media to achieve the exchange between people and information. Multimedia teaching is not to introduce multimedia teaching, but to show information in more ways, the abstract information in a more intuitive way such as pictures, sound, so that students in the learning process more comprehensive absorption of information. In mathematics, for example, the teaching of an equation can be communicated to students by means of a computer representing the various aspects of the equation. In this way, the equation is not only a combination of abstract Numbers, but also various things around.

Second, from the point of view of teachers, the application of information technology in teaching is mainly reflected in the digital evaluation system of teachers teaching. In the past teaching, how to evaluate a teachers teaching level, often depends on the performance of his students. This result - oriented evaluation system is reasonable, but it is also unrepeatable. The purpose of the digital evaluation system of teaching is to obtain a set of teaching methods that can be copied by extracting the commonality of the teaching methods of teachers with high scores.

Third, from the perspective of student assessment, the application of information technology in teaching is mainly reflected in the digital evaluation system for students. In the past teaching, the evaluation of a students quality depends entirely on his grades. A students effort level and his actual ability have never been included in the assessment. However, through the digital evaluation system, the dynamic monitoring of students can be used to realize the three-dimensional evaluation of students.

To sum up, the author believes that the application of information technology in teaching is mainly divided into three aspects, namely the multimedia teaching method, the digital evaluation system of teachers teaching and the digital evaluation system of students.

(II) The advantages of information technology in teaching application

In terms of above discussion, we can see that the information technology in teaching purpose of the study can be divided into two kinds, the first application is the main purpose of developing the information transmission channel, improve the efficiency of students learning, the latter two applications main purpose is to evaluate the students and teachers by means of information platform to provide a more accurate. We can also see the point of information technology in teaching application from these two aspects.

Information technology can expand the dissemination of information and improve the efficiency of students learning. The application of information technology in teaching has the following advantages.

One is to enhance the classroom interest, stimulate the enthusiasm of students to learn. In the teaching, modern information technology knowledge by means of pictures, audio and video information present in front of the students, the rigid abstract knowledge into interesting images, music, and to give students the feeling of sound near its borders, thus make the classroom teaching of non-computer majors from passive education, become students take the initiative to the active teaching experience. The second is to promote teaching and improve the ability of teachers. In traditional teaching, the teachers task is to pass the knowledge of the textbook to the students completely. In the long run, teachers themselves will be limited.

As far as informati

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