论文总字数：16364字

摘 要

在孩子早期家庭教育中，父母双方对孩子起着各自不同的作用，饰演着各自不可替代的角色。但是长期以来，大多数研究主要关注母亲在儿童发展中的作用，而忽视了父亲影响幼儿身心全面发展的重要性。在儿童早期家庭教育中父亲角色的参与和投入还不够，教育现状不容乐观。本研究旨在探究父亲参与儿童早期教育的社会现状，分析家庭中父亲角色缺失的原因以及其危害性，并对父亲参与早期家庭教育提出一些建议。

关 键 词：父亲，家庭教育，角色缺失

Abstract: In early childhood family education,both parents play a different role in children which can’t be replaced. But for a long time, most researches focus on the role of mother in child development, and ignore the importance of father who influences children’s all-round development. In early childhood family education, fathers’ involvement and commitment is not enough. It’s not optimistic about current education. This research aims to explore the social status of the fathers’ participation in early childhood education and analyse the causes of the absence of father in their family and its harmfulness.And then put forwanrd some suggestions for it.

Keywords: father, family education, absence

目 录

1 从“爸爸去哪儿”看待父亲角色缺失现象····························4

2 父亲角色在幼儿发展中的作用····································4

2.1 体格成长 ···················································4

2.2 认知能力的培养··············································5

2.3 情绪的影响··················································6

2.4 性别角色的形成··············································6

2.5 社会性的发展················································7

3 父亲参与家庭教育的现状调查与分析·····························7

3.1 研究目的····················································7

3.2 研究过程与方法··············································8

3.3 结果分析····················································8

3.4 结论·······················································13

4 对父亲参与早期家庭教育的建议·································14

4.1 转变传统观念，提高自身的再学习能力··························14

4.2 反思自身的教养方式和态度，因材施教··························14

4.3 建立紧密型亲子关系，参与幼儿游戏····························14

4.4 努力建立融洽和谐的家庭关系·································15

5 利用社会力量指导父亲参与家庭教育·····························15

5.1 发挥幼儿园的指导功能·······································15

5.2 发挥社区优势···············································15

结论 ··························································16

参考文献 ······················································17

附录 ··························································18

1 从“爸爸去哪儿”看待父亲角色缺失现象

2013年随着《爸爸去哪儿》这档亲子节目在荧屏上的火爆亮相，萌娃星爸们带来全民娱乐的同时，也掀起一场社会反思的浪潮。

北京师范大学和世界学前教育组织联合发布了一项调查结果^[1],调查显示，在中国家庭教育模式中，60%是母亲占绝对主导地位，而父亲起主导作用的不超过15%。事实上，不论是在传统观念中，还是在现实逼迫下，母亲的角色往往被强化。长久之后，一些父亲就主动淡出孩子的成长过程。

在幼儿园实习过程中，笔者观察到幼儿园小朋友大都是母亲或祖父母接送，有些幼儿是请专门接送人员照料，而家长会也往往是祖父母或母亲来参加，父亲参加家长会也只是少数，甚至有些父亲来了一会儿就去工作或忙自己的事情了。在接送幼儿入园离园时，与幼儿园老师交流孩子在园中和家中表现、嘱托孩子在园中要好好和小朋友相处、认真听老师话的常常也是母亲或者奶奶，爸爸或爷爷一般情况是接送完孩子很快就离开。这在很大程度上反映出父亲对儿童的早期教育关注度不高，当今社会父亲参与儿童早期家庭教育的现状不容乐观。

2 父亲角色在幼儿发展中的作用

俗话说“父母是孩子的镜子，孩子是父母的影子”、“有其父必有其子”，父亲的言行举止、说话方式甚至是走路的方式都会被孩子模仿。一个智慧的父亲懂得如何以自身为榜样教育孩子怎样做人，如何行事，注重行为上的督导，从幼儿期就开始萌发和提高孩子对人生及家庭的责任感和主人翁精神。

2.1 体格成长

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