论文总字数：18581字

摘 要

：幼儿走出家门踏入社会的第一步，便是进入幼儿园，而在当今社会幼儿入园分离焦虑问题在幼儿初入园时十分普遍，引起了老师家长的极大关注。当幼儿踏入幼儿园的那一天起，就开始发生各种应接不暇的状况，例如进班级困难，与家长告别困难，难以与小朋友共同游戏，不能顺利的进餐，午睡也不能安静。幼儿入园分离焦虑给幼儿的身体和心理都带来了极大的影响，所以采取有效的措施缓解幼儿的分离焦虑，帮助他们顺利入园也成为幼儿教师的工作重点。

本研究运用观察法，通过观察幼儿分离焦虑产生的时间及其表现，来探讨淮安市某公立幼儿园小班幼儿入园的分离焦虑情况。在调查过程中，发现小班幼儿分离焦虑状况主要有哭泣、依恋老师、重复句子等表现，并且集中出现在早上入园时、午餐时以及午休结束后这三个时间段。根据以上调查的结果，从三个方面提出幼儿分离焦虑的缓解策略：（1）家长可以采取培养幼儿上幼儿园的兴趣、降低幼儿对陌生环境的刺激、培养幼儿同伴交往的能力、改变自己的态度、与幼儿教师进行合作，实现家园共育等策略。（2）幼儿园可采取合理的规划环境、增加教师数量，扩大师幼比、先分批入园，后同时入园的方式。（3）幼儿园教师可以使用通过家访来了解幼儿、与家长进行家园合作，为家长提供科学的育儿指导、关注幼儿情绪，及时给与安抚、转移幼儿注意力、创设宽松环境等方法。

关键词：小班幼儿，分离焦虑，调查研究

Abstract : Young children’s first step into society is to enter kindergarten, and the anxiety of entering kindergarten is becoming more and more common in today’s society, which has aroused great concern of teachers and parents. When young children step into kindergarten on that day, there will be a variety of difficult situations, such as difficulty in entering classes, farewell with parents, sharing games with children, failure to have a smooth meal, nor a quiet nap. Children’s separation anxiety in kindergarten has brought great effects on children’s body and psychology. Accordingly, taking effective measures to alleviate children’s separation anxiety and helping them to enter the garden smoothly has become the focus of preschool teachers’ work.

In this study, the separation anxiety of small class children in a public kindergarten in Huaian city was discussed by observational research. In the course of observation, we observe the time and performance of children’s separation anxiety. During the survey, it was found that the separation anxiety of young children may be weeping, attaching teachers, repeating sentences and soon. And children’s separation anxiety concentrate in the morning when entering the kindergarten, lunch and after the end of afternoon nap. According to the results of the above investigation, the strategies of relieving children"s separation anxiety are put forward from three aspects. Firstly, parents can cultivate the interest of children in kindergarten, reduce the stimulation of children to strange environment, and cultivate the ability of children to communicate with each other. Secondly, the kindergarten can adopt a reasonable planning environment, increase the number of teachers, expand the ratio of teachers to children, take the method of entering the garden in batches first, then enter the garden at the same time. kindergarten teachers can use home visits to learn about young children, cooperate with parents and provide parents with scientific guidance on educating children, pay attention to children"s emotions, give timely reassurance, transfer the attention of children and create a relaxed environment.

Keywords : young children， separation anxiety， investigation and research

目录

1 前言 4

1.1 研究缘起 4

1.2 研究意义 4

1.3 概念界定 4

1.4 文献综述 5

1.5 研究对象与方法 6

2 小班幼儿分离焦虑现象的表现 7

2.1 小班幼儿分离焦虑现象出现的时间 7

2.2 小班幼儿分离焦虑现象的行为表现 8

3 小班幼儿分离焦虑现象的原因分析 10

3.1 幼儿自身方面的原因分析 10

3.2 幼儿教师方面的原因分析 12

3.3 幼儿家长方面的原因分析 13

4 小班幼儿分离焦虑现象的应对策略 14

4.1 幼儿园方面 14

4.2 幼儿教师方面 15

4.3 幼儿家长方面 16

结 论 19

参 考 文 献 20

致谢 21

附录1：小班幼儿分离焦虑现象观察记录表 22

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