论文总字数：20174字

摘 要

左翼作家张天翼师承鲁迅，始终坚持着现实主义的文学创作道路。他的作品对乡土社会讽刺与批判，能超越左翼文学宣传的层次，进一步讽刺人性的卑鄙和残忍。张天翼的左翼讽刺小说、乡土小说、儿童文学作品引起了中国与美国很多研究者的关注，产生了较多的研究成果。本文以张天翼的作品为研究对象，采用了文献研读法、比较法、形象学的研究方法，从中美比较的视角切入，挖掘中美学者在研究立场、研究兴趣、研究视角、研究方法方面的异同，以拓展张天翼作品研究的视野和空间。

本研究主要发现如下：在研究立场方面，美国学者渴望从张天翼作品对社会的翔实记录去解读新中国的政治、经济、文化等。而国内学者则将张天翼作品归入现代文学，去探讨张天翼作品对于现代文学发展的积极作用。在研究兴趣方面，从价值取向理论来讲，中国学者关注的时间焦点在过去，而美国学者关注的时间焦点在未来。因此，美国学者没有看到文学巨匠鲁迅对于张天翼的影响也是情有可原的。但是，国内学界早在20世纪80年代就注意到了张天翼的讽刺创作与鲁迅之间的密切关系。其次，美国学者对于张天翼作品的幽默特质只是一带而过，未有研究，而国内学者就分析了张天翼作品的幽默及其幽默来源。在研究视角方面，首先，西方观察中国作家作品也带着鲜明的阶级立场，更多地把他放在无产阶级左翼作家的阵营。因此，美国学者关注的是张天翼是否能跳出“左翼作家”这个身份的限制，他的作品是否超越了无产阶级意识下的政治宣传而能真实地反映了社会现实？毫无疑问，张天翼做到了这一点。其次，西方学者注重文学作品的现代性。所以，美国学者没有肯定张天翼一些无产阶级阶级意识浓厚的作品的艺术价值。但是，此类作品也反映无产阶级革命的情况，全面展现了中华民族的血泪史。在研究方法方面，中国学者在研究张天翼作品时，基本上是基于文本展开的研究。而美国学者采取了跨学科的研究方法，他们将文学与政治学、社会学、历史学相结合，而且能够从政治学、社会学、历史学的视角来阐释张天翼的作品。

关键词： 张天翼作品；国内研究；美国研究；比较

Abstract

Zhang Tianyi, a left-wing writer, followed Lu Xun's lead in literary creation. His works satirize and criticize the local society, surpass the level of left-wing literature propaganda, and further satirize the meanness and cruelty of human nature. Zhang Tianyi's left-wing satirical novels, local novels and children's literature have attracted the attention of many researchers in China and the United States, and have produced more research results. This paper takes Zhang Tianyi's works as the research object, adopts the research methods of literature study, comparison and iconography, and from the perspective of comparison between China and the United States, finds the similarities and differences in research positions, research interests, research perspectives and research methods between Chinese and American scholars, so as to expand the vision and space of Zhang Tianyi's works research.

The main findings of this study are as follows. In terms of research position, American scholars are eager to interpret the politics, economy and culture of new China from Zhang Tianyi's detailed social records. However, domestic scholars classify Zhang Tianyi's works as modern literature to explore the positive effect of Zhang Tianyi's works on the development of modern literature. In terms of research interest, from the perspective of value orientation theory, Chinese scholars focus on the past, while American scholars focus on the future. Therefore, it is understandable that American scholars did not see Lu Xun's influence on Zhang Tianyi. However, as early as the 1980s, the domestic academic circle noticed the close relationship between Zhang Tianyi's satire creation and Lu Xun. Secondly, American scholars have not studied the humor of Zhang Tianyi's works, while domestic scholars have analyzed the humor of Zhang Tianyi's works and its source. In terms of research perspective, first of all, the Western observation of Chinese writers' works also takes a distinct class position, placing him more in the camp of proletarian left-wing writers. Therefore, American scholars are concerned about whether Zhang Tianyi can jump out of the limit of "left-wing writer", whether his works can truly reflect the social reality beyond the political propaganda under the consciousness of the proletariat. There is no doubt that Zhang Tianyi did it. Secondly, western scholars pay attention to the modernity of literary works. Therefore, American scholars did not affirm the artistic value of some works of Zhang Tianyi with strong proletarian consciousness. However, such works also reflect the situation of proletarian revolution, and comprehensively show the history of blood and tears of the Chinese nation. In terms of research methods, when Chinese scholars study Zhang Tianyi's works, they are basically based on the text. However, American scholars have adopted interdisciplinary research methods. They combined literature with politics, sociology and history, and can interpret Zhang Tianyi's works from the perspective of politics, sociology and history.

Key words: Zhang Tianyi；Domestic research；American research；Compare

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究对象及范围 1

1.2 研究综述 1

1.3 研究方法 3

第二章 国内对张天翼作品的研究 4

2.1 张天翼左翼讽刺小说的研究 4

2.2 张天翼乡土小说的研究 6

2.3 张天翼儿童文学作品的研究 8

第三章 美国对张天翼作品的研究 9

3.1 张天翼左翼讽刺小说的研究 9

3.2 张天翼儿童文学作品的研究 11

第四章 中美张天翼作品研究的比较分析 13

4.1 研究立场 13

4.2 研究兴趣 14

4.3 研究视角 15

4.4 研究方法 15

第五章 结语 17

参考文献 18

致谢 20

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