1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述包含参考文献）

1. introduction

listening is a crucial language skill and it plays a vital role in the language acquisition process. listening comprehension is a complicated cognitive process that acquires a large amount of effort especially in a foreign language learning process. therefore, its development is of prime concern to efl learners and language teachers.

recently, with the advances in multimedia technology, audiovisual materials (tv programs, movies, video, etc.) have been promoted and exploited as abundant language learning resources. these multimedia environments have not only helped to make instructional materials more authentic, but also offered listening support by means of a ”technological overlay” (robin. 2007, p.109), such as scripts and on-screen text. one special type of on-screen text is captioning, referred to unilingual or multilingual subtitling. researchers have gained inspiring results concerning the effectiveness of captioning for intensifying efl learners#8217; listening comprehension. yet, the generalizability of much research on captioning is problematic for three main reasons. first of all, studies have performed experiments on participants from different countries and cultures. second, studies have focused on the effectiveness of captions for different proficiency levels. third, studies have measured different components of listening and have used different tests to do so.

this study explored the effect of the presence or absence of different video subtitles on the university-level chinese efl students#8217; listening comprehension. a total of 56 junior students taught in english from nanjing tech university will be tested in their listening abilities through pretest and two posttests. accordingly, the two following research questions were addressed in this study:

2. 研究的基本内容、问题解决措施及方案

3. methodology

3.1 research questions

the present study aims to investigate the effects of video captioning on chinese efl learners#8217; listening comprehension. thus, the research questions are addressed as followings:

1. is there any effect of video captioning on chinese efl learners#8217; listening comprehension?

3. does the effect of video captioning on listening comprehension vary according to the different forms of video captioning?