1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述包含参考文献）

literature review

recent years an increasing number of students have done lots of research and analysis on the major works of literature applying the psychoanalytic theory. it can be easily found out that ”i#8217; refers to the theory of id and ”william wilson#8217; means the spirit of the superego in william wilson. and the conflicts between id and superego in allan poe#8217;s three novels are talked about in some students#8217; theses. whereas, ”where is the ego ” ? (bao 121) the experience of author's life results in the absence of ”ego#8217;, while it has returned to the ”id#8217; and turned up in the form of psychological defense which has been sublimated , instead of disappearing. many scholars have clarified the id, ego and superego in william wilson. what#8217;s more, comparing two different works with the theories of ego, id and superego. ”focusing on the conflicts among the ego, id and superego and analyzing the main cause of the maladjustment in protagonists” (wang 86). a majority of people would like to make concentration on the fight among the ego, id and superego. however, the deeper and comprehensive analyses of william wilson haven#8217;t been attached great importance to in previous studies.

some other people pay their attention to the morality in allan poe#8217;s novels. ethical literary criticism is applied to research human-self relationship and human other relationship in two of poe#8217;s short stories-william wilson and the cask of amontillado.

2. 研究的基本内容、问题解决措施及方案

Methods and Procedures of the Study

In order to have a good understanding of William Wilson, I borrow the Chinese version from school library. First of all, I read the novel version over 3 times to figure out the main characters as well as the progress of the events. Then I try to find some information about Allan Poe and his works so as to know more about the age that Poe lives at, the growth experience of Allan Poe as well. Thirdly, I read the novel again according to the information I have got so as to have further taste of William Wilson. At least, I read the original English version to learn from the language of the novel. In the study, I attempt to search the related information on the Internet, read the novel for several times and take notes to sort out the novel to have a quick and accurate comprehension of the novel.

The thesis consists of five parts. In chapter one, the information of the writer, story and background will be shown. Chapter two is literature review where it will list some previous studies on Poe#8217;s works. The third chapter is the demonstration on Freud's theory of Personality Structure in William Wilson. The fourth part will combine the psychoanalysis with William Wilson. In the last chapter, the significance of the thesis and the difficulties which are to meet during the study and the preparations will be made before starting the research are certainly proposed.