1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述包含参考文献）

1. Introduction 1.1 Research background Myths are originated from the ancient beliefs about the structure of nature and society. Myths comes from Greek language μ#973;θο#962;. It evolves from θεο#962;, which means gods. It is important for us to understand just what a myth is. The term myth, as used colloquially today, denotes a fictitious story, a fairy tale. Meanwhile, among these myths, the most famous one is creation myths, which approximately describe the beginning of world. For people who do not research myths, creation myths are only fictitious stories for children. However, if creation myths are that simple, it would not have survived among the long history, and would not have the importance they do, unless they conveyed some vital meaning to the culture. So, there must be some functions for these creation myths, such as etiology, teaching knowledge, broadcasting primitive science and recording history, which makes creation myths still have their significance toward modern people in today. But every nation has their unique creation myths, and the culture or value behind them are quite different. This paper, through the comparative analysis of the differences between Western and Chinese creation myths, aims to give a perspective insight to their culture and find out the reason behind these differences. At the same time, with the appearance of feminism movement, women#8217;s status in today#8217;s society have gained more and more attention. Not only in Western countries, but also in China, women need equal treatment as men do. The existence of the Woman Newspaper of Today shows more and more women have this consciousness to protect their right. However, in this part, Western countries#8217; people do better than Chinese, which pushes me to analyze women role in creation myths and compare them, and figure out the hidden factor that cause this phenomenon. 1.2 The significance of this study Through this study, we can evaluate creation myths as an approach of cultural value studies, and this will make creation myths become a media during the cultural broadcasting. At the same time, by comparing Chinese creation myths and Western creation myths, this thesis aimed to not only find out the superficial difference, but also analyze the value behind, which includes region, gender, ethic, and national spirit. Accordingly, this study would help both countries#8217; people to understand each other#8217;s culture better, and promote the cross-cultural communication development. Last but not the least, this research focuses on women#8217;s role difference in Chinese and Western countries#8217; creation myths. This thesis analyzes women#8217;s role in society and family thoroughly, which would attract more people#8217;s attention on women#8217; status, then accelerate the development of gender equality in the world. 2. Literature review 2.1 Definition of creation myths After introducing myths, let us talk about the meaning of creation myths. Toward this part, it seems easier for scientists to definite this word than myths. People#8217;s cognition about creation myths is similar. Bonnefoy Yves (Asian Mythologies, 4) defined creation myths as the myth that introduced the first, larval, or germinal state of the world. Encyclopedia Britannica (1994) defined a creation myth as people#8217;s understanding towards the origin of the world, which using symbolism to record. To sum up, according to the above definitions, creation myths are stories that describe the state of the original world, the god, and the structure of universe. 2.2 Previous studies on Chinese and Western creation myths Systemic mythological studies have been established in Western countries since 18th century, and Western methods and approaches in this field have been introduced into China since the 20th century. In the process, scholars have made many comparisons between Chinese and Western creation myths, as comparative study is one of the most effective ways to reveal the nature of the subject. People have identified three major differences between Western creation myths and Chinese ones: The first one is human-god relationships. Biblical creation myths believes there is only one god, and it can change people#8217;s lives directly. By contrast, in Chinese creation myths, gods are not essentially different from humans. They are ancestors of humans. Except this, gods can die, and human can be transformed to gods. The second one is human-nature relationships. In Western creation myths, this relationship is conquering and be conquered. But in Chinese, human and nature gain a kind of harmony. The last difference is value. Chinese myths repeal the importance of ethic, while Western ones do not focus on. Meanwhile, Chinese attitude toward the creation myth is quite different from Western countries. 2.2.1 The relationship between gods and human Liu Fang (2001) compared two areas#8217; creation myths, and found the relationship between gods and human is quite different. In Western works, gods can decide human#8217;s life easily, because it was god that created human and gave them the right to live. But things are different in Chinese creation myths. Gods in china do not have the right to control people, because Chinese gods#8217; status is equal to human#8217;s, and they are a whole entity from the very beginning. 2.2.2 The relationship between gods and nature Liu Fang (2001) found there were some differences in the relationship between human and nature in two creation myths. In Chinese, nature and human have equal position. Chinese do not consider the nature as the matter, which is abiotic and rigid. However, in Western countries, human is the conqueror. The nature became the object that people took advantage of. In their myths, heroes were always brave adventurers and strong conquerors. For western people, the contribution on culture was quite rare. But military accomplishments can always be found. Li Wenyou (2008) wrote that the most famous Chinese creation myth was Pan Gu#8217;s story. In Pan Gu#8217;s creating period, we can easily find nature and human made up the world, which reflected their equal status. This character in Chinese creation myths made Chinese practical and hate those visional things. At the same time, Western creation myths advocated human was the most important part in this world. So they supported conquering the nature. 2.2.3 The difference in value Liu Xintaian (2011) found that modern people had different attitude towards their ancestors#8217; creation myths. When Western people felt the importance of creation myths and even made some hypothesis, like Gala hypothesis, to research some deep meanings behind their myths, Chinese were quite indifference. It seems myths are just fictitious stories and they just suitable for babies#8217; bedtime stories. In Chinese Ancient Myths, Derk Bodde (2001) said, ”What need to be emphasized was China, which had a long history, seemed to be the only country that had no real creation myths, except Pan Gu. There was similar situation in Chinese philosophy. In Chinese philosophy, people was quite interest in human#8217;s relationship and how we adjusted to the environment, instead of figuring out the origin of universe.” Xie Xuanjun (1997) explained this phenomenon. He said that Chinese paid little attention on the origin of universe because these explorations had no help to rule the country and control the society. As a result, these creation myths lost and were forgotten by people. Zhang Yulong (1999) also proposed his opinion. He thought China, as an ancient civilization, attached great importance to ethic relation, which has already shown in the creation myth. However, in Western creation myths, we have not found same thing like that. However, there are hardly any studies comparing Chinese creation myths and Western creation myths on women#8217;s different status, But for me, the difference of women#8217;s status and the role women play in the society and family have its charm and need to be investigated. 2.4 Deficiency in previous studies Most of the existed researches pointed out the different relationship between human and god, or human and nature. However, the relation between women and men has not been mentioned frequently. With the advance of our society, women#8217;s status is quite different from ancient time. Not only in Western countries, but also in China, we can witness this change. However, there are still some discrepancies in China and Western countries, which pushes me to figure out its causes. Works Cited Alan, Dundes. 西方神话学读本. 桂林: 广西师范大学出版社, 2006。

Blair J. G, and McCormack J. Western Civilization with Chinese Comparisons. Shanghai: U of Fudan P, 2008. Bonnefoy Yves, Asian Mythologies, U of Chicago P, 1993. Greene, A. Christianity and Western Culture. Beijing: U of Beijing P, 2006. Greet, Hofstede. Culture#8217;s Consequences. 2nd ed. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education P, 2008. Gudykunst, William B, and Kim, Y.Y. Communicating with Strangers: An Approach to Intercultural Communication. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education P, 2007. Kishlansky M. et al. A Brief History of Western Civilization. Beijing: U of People P, 2008. Li, Wenyou. [李文优], 中希创世神话比较研究#8212;#8212;文化思维原型. 红河学院院报, 2008, (6). Li, Yi. [李艺], 宙斯与盘古:中西创世神话之比较. 广西民族学院学报(哲学社会科学), 2001, (6). Liu, Xintian. [刘心恬], 盖娅的崛起与盘古的觉醒#8212;#8212;论中西创世神话的生态维度. 中国地质大学学报(社会科学版), 2011, (4). Ning, Xudong. [宁旭东], 神话思维在早期中西文化中的留存及差异性研究. 中南民族大学, 2007. Shi, Xinhui. [史新慧], 中国创世神话解读. 郑州大学, 2005, (1): 2-10. Sun, Jing. [孙静], 中西创世神话对比意蕴探微. 重庆理工大学学报（社会科学）, 2014, (4). Ting-Toomey S. Communication across Cultures. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education P, 2007. Wang, Qun. [王群], Xia, Jing [夏静], 《圣经》”创世纪”与中国神话”创世说”比较研究. 外语教育, 2002. Yan, Fanjiang. [颜繁江], 创世神话的价值研究. 东北师范大学, 2008, (1) : 2-7. Zhang, Yulong. [张玉龙], 中西创世神话比较视野中的《故事新编》. 沈阳师范学院学报(社会科学版), 1999, (5). Zhao, XinLin. [赵新林], 从同质到异质#8212;#8212;中西创世神话的比较研究. 重庆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2004, (3). Zheng, Xiangrong. [郑向荣]，基于Hofstede文化价值观维度的中西创世神话比较. 上海外国语大学, 2011, (2): 18-27.

2. 研究的基本内容、问题解决措施及方案

1. Research Topic My research is aimed to analyze the difference between the Chinese creation myths and the Western creation myths. 1. What#8217;s the difference between the Chinese creation myths and the Western creation myths about female role in the family? 2. What#8217;s the difference between the Chinese creation myths and the Western creation myths about female role in the society? 2. Research Methods Major research methods will include document research, contrast, deduction, and combination of theoretical research and text study. 1). Document Research. A document research is the process of reading, analyzing, evaluating, and summarizing scholarly materials about a specific work. The author of the thesis has looked up in many libraries some background information, including the definition of creation myths, the background of these myths, and the effect they have in the future. In the meantime, the academic database and online materials are used as the references of the study. 2). Contrast. It refers to the logical method of comparing two things in order to show their similarities and differences, which is a major strategy in text analysis. The thesis will make a lot of comparisons and contrasts in the literature review so as to highlight the initiation and distinctiveness of the present study. In the main body of the thesis, contrast will be widely used to find the difference of these countries#8217; creation myths. 3). Deduction. This method refers to the drawing of a conclusion by reasoning. In the main body of the thesis, every conclusion will be followed by well-grounded reasoning. 4). Combination of theoretical research and text study. It is one of the major research methods employed in the main body of the thesis. That is, this study will analyze the difference between Chinese creation myths and Western creation myths , what cause them and what effect it will have on their birth land.