1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述）

with the popularization of mass media, movie becomes an integral part of our lives. movies, the carrier of cultural values, have huge influence on the formation of the values of teenagers. among them, american movies are the most influential. america highly praises individualism, especially individualistic heroism which fully reflects the culture and individual values of americans. thus, in american movies, the individualistic heroism has become an eternal theme which impacts the world. in recent years, movies of individualistic heroism emerge in endlessly, such as iron man, captain america, etc. this paper aims to evaluate individualistic heroism and discuss its influence in the cross culture.

it is rare to discuss in foreign country but booming in china. in 1951, the book what is individualistic heroism written by chu hua first illustrates the individualistic heroism. in 1984, the article what is the essential difference between individualistic heroism and revolutionary heroism published by chen lin posted a critique of individualistic heroism. after 2000, with the popularization of individualistic heroism movies, researches of individualistic heroism developed rapidly. in 2008, the article on the traditional value of individualistic heroism in classic westerns illustrated the individualistic heroism in american movies in details. then in recent years, massive academic papers research on individualistic heroism in american movies.

individualism is a significant component of american culture and heroism comes from worries and fears of our living environment. the one who combine personal ideal and heroism is nonexistent, so we create one man to give us some comfort. this is the origin of these heroes. for example, the stagecoach in 1939 successfully create the hero — the ringo kid. it is the symbolic work of cowboy hero movies. the ringo kid badgered a bunch of villains and helped others be out of dangerous situation. his behavior fully reflecting the individualistic heroism. and the series of 007 films created the classical individualistic hero — james bond. he is handsome and brilliant, aware of all kinds of weapons and proficient in many languages. the role of james bond fascinates all the world. in the series of the terminator films by arnold schwarzenegger, terminators always defeated the strong with the weak. such movies are all the symbolic works of individualistic heroism. in some ways, individualistic heroism has some positive impacts. however, these movies are the carrier of american culture. by exporting movies to the world, america is trying to seek cultural identification to solid its supremacy. let alone the unilateralism in diplomacy, the absolute advantage in military are all the reflection of individualistic heroism. how to dealing with individualistic heroism is a major issue.

2. 研究的基本内容与方案

This paper analyzes the individualistic heroism in American movies. Firstly, it tries to introduce the initial definition of individualistic heroism, including its origin, development and status in American culture. Secondly, the paper will display the general features of heroes and heroism in some representative works, such as The Shawshank Redemption, Argo and 007. In this part, the paper will analyze the leading characters and generalize qualities which all heroes possessed, illustrate the expression techniques which the individualistic heroism is reflected in these movies. In addition, the paper will classify the heroes into three types, the omnipotent superhero, the self-atonement common hero and the common hero who save the world, and then generalize the characteristics of the three types. Thirdly, through these analysis, the influence of individualistic heroism will be concluded. On the one hand, we should admit that these heroism movies bring us some positive effects, and make us know more about virtue such as loyal, brave, etc. On the other hand, these movies are the carrier of American culture. By exporting movies to the world, America is trying to seek cultural identification to solid its supremacy. Let alone the unilateralism in diplomacy, the absolute advantage in military are all the reflection of individualistic heroism. Dealing with foreign culture, essence absorption and dross discarding are necessary.

3. 研究计划与安排

before 26th, december: settlement of the title

before 25th, february: submission of the outline

before 25th, april: submission of the first draft

4. 参考文献（12篇以上）

[1] fiddler, michael. projecting the prison: the depiction of the uncanny in the shawshank redemption[j]. prison service journal, 2009.

[2] james todd. stealing freedom: auto theft and autonomous individualism in american film[j]. journal of popular culture, 2015.

[3] john price. everyday heroism: victorian constructions of the heroic civilian[j]. bloomsbury, 2014.