1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述）

totem has been an important component in culture, its unique value has raised scholar’s attention. it is inextricably linked to a region’s geographical environment, culture tradition and customs. thus the study of totem culture helps us learn a region’s history, inherit its culture and promote development. in 1991, with the influence of fantasy authors and works, american novelist george r. r. martin began his series a song of ice and fire, which is one of the most famous epic fantasy novels in the contemporary. this series help martin win a lot of praise and also provide us a source for the learning of totem culture.

in nearly thirty years after the novel was published, the theme, violent narration character, analysis of leading figures, have been discussed by many scholars. but they paid little attention to the totem in the novel.the aim of this paper is to analyze the novel from a relatively new perspective and find the relation between a region and its culture.

though game of thrones( vol. i. of a song of ice and fire) is an epic fantasy novel, it is not totally made up. martin drawed inspiration from historical events such as the english period of the war of the roses. the series has received praise for its realism, thus we cannot ignore its value. in the novel, each family has more or less contacts with others. they fight, ally with other family, and unite by marriages and so on. in these contacts, they show us their different family cultures. from their distinct family totem, heraldry, flag and even proverbs, we can see their different region characters. on the one hand, the geographical environments leave a deep imprint in this region’s culture. on the other hand, this kind of culture will form people a specific temper, promoting local society’s development and finally change local geographical environments. we can see a shadow of geographical determinism in game of thrones.

2. 研究的基本内容与方案

The story of A Song of Ice and Fire takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos, with a history of thousands of years. It revolves around three themes: one is a dynastic war for the control of Westeros by several families; another the rising threat of the savages who dwelling beyond the Wall- an immense wall of ice on Westero’s northern border; and the third one is the revenge of Daenerys Targaryen, an exiled daughter of the former king , who wants to return to Westeros with her fire-breathing dragons and claims her rightful throne.

The paper focuses on the analysis of each family’s culture in Martin’s Game of Thrones, it will be divided into three parts: part one is the introduction to the author George R. R. Martin, the novel as well as the plot. In this part, the fantasy literally status of George. R. R. Martin and his major works will be included. Part Two is the body of the paper which makes some analysis of each family’s location and totem culture by comparative study of the representative family of each kingdom. And part three is the conclusion part. Every country has a topic about the South and North, Game of Thrones is no exception. In it, the confrontation between the South and the North is not reflected in geographical position, but their culture. This part will summarize their differences and discuss the reasons.

3. 研究计划与安排

before 26th, december settlement f the title
before 25th, february submission of the outline
before 25th, april submission of the first draft

before 24th, may revision of the draft

before 30th, may submission of the final paper

4. 参考文献（12篇以上）

[1]adi, ida rochani. popularizing epic narrative in george r.r. martin’s a game of thrones [j]. humaniora, 2012, (24): 303.

[2]adrias,“george r.r. martin interview” [ol]. 7 october 2012, viewed on 30 march 2013, http://www.adriasnews.com/2012/10/george-r-r-martin-interview.html?spref=tw.

[3]eliana dockterman. game of throne’s sophie turner is no victim in apocalypse[n]. time off, may 30, 2016: 56.