摘 要

“人类命运共同体”理念是中国特色大国外交思想的重要内容，是习近平主席对人类发展和世界前途提出的中国方案。本文以评价理论中的介入系统理论为指导，选择新华网和中华人民共和国外交部官网上发表的《努力构建携手共进的命运共同体》、《构建人类命运共同体》和《共担时代责任，共促全球发展》三篇演讲稿为研究文本，运用定量和定性的研究方法，对文本进行话语的介入资源分析。

研究发现，在演讲文本的介入资源中，自言资源占57.7%，例如习近平主席在描述建立命运共同体的正确性及背景时采用大量的自言资源，来展示政治自信以及维护话语及文章内容的严肃性和客观性；相对自言资源，42.3%为借言资源。进一步对借言资源进行分析发现，77.5%为对话压缩资源，而剩下的22.5%为对话扩张资源，例如演讲中习主席适当引用对方国家的名人名言等归属资源（隶属于对话扩张资源），通过认可对方国家的文化，增加互信，增强演讲的说服力，有助于树立睦邻友好的大国形象。

关键词：人类命运共同体；习近平海外演讲；评价理论；话语分析；介入系统

Abstract

Based on considering the development of human society and the prospects of the international world, Chinese President Xi Jinping has proposed “A Community of Shared Future for Mankind” initiative which also represents the core concept of China’s diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. Guided by engagement system of Appraisal Theory (AT), the thesis takes three President Xi’s speeches issued by official authority as research material, such as Jointly Shoulder Responsibility of Our Times, Promote Global Growth, Work Together to Build a Community of Shared Future for Mankind and Build a Community of Shared Destiny for Common Progress and uses quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the engagement resources of the speech texts.

It is found that monogloss resources account for 57.7% in the whole engagement resources. For example, President Xi adopts a large amount of monogloss resources in illustrating the correctness and background of building a community of shared future, which shows China’s political self-confidence and serious objectivity of word choice. Relatively, heterogloss resources only accounts for 42.3%. Through the further analysis, 77.5% of heterogloss sources belong to dialogic contraction and the rest 22.5% is dialogic expansion. For example, President Xi quoted some famous sayings from other cultures and adopted other attributions (under the category of dialogistic expansion), which will increase the mutual trust with visited countries, enhance the persuasiveness of the speech and establish a genial image of China.

Key Words：A Community of Shared Future for Mankind; Xi Jinping’s overseas speeches; Appraisal Theory; Discourse Analysis; Engagement System

Contents

1 Introduction 1

2 Literature Review 3

2.1 Overseas Study on Engagement System of Appraisal Theory 3

2.2 Domestic Study on Engagement System of Appraisal Theory 5

3 Conception of “A Community of Shared Future for Mankind” 7

3.1 Formation of“A Community of Shared Future for Mankind” Conception 7

3.1.1 the historical source of Chinese Philosophy 7

3.1.2 the Marxist “Community” Thought 8

3.1.3 development of the conception 9

3.2 Delivery of “A Community of Shared Future for Mankind” Initiative 10

3.2.1 delivering the overseas speeches 10

3.2.2 the Response to the conception at Home and Aboard 11

4 Discourse Analysis of Text with Engagement System in Xi’s speech 13

4.1 Distribution of Engagement Resources in the Speeches 13

4.1.1 Monogloss resource 13

4.1.2 Heterogloss resource 14

4.2 Function of Engagement Resources in the Speeches 15

4.2.1 Dialogic expansion 15

4.2.2 Dialogic contraction 16

5 Conclusion 20

References 21

Appendix 23

Acknowledgements 24

A Discourse Analysis of Xi Jinpin’s Overseas Speeches on A Community of Shared Future for Mankind from the Engagement System of Appraisal Theory

1 Introduction

“A Community of Shared Future for Mankind” initiative, which displays the key concept of President Xi Jinping’s diplomatic thoughts with Chinese characteristics in a new era, plays an important role in contemporary China’s diplomacy. Since 2013, President Xi has delivered the conception of peacefully worldwide cooperation through overseas speeches to the international society.

This thesis collects President Xi’s overseas speeches on “A Community of Shared Future for Mankind”, conducts a discourse analysis on the speech texts with the guidance of Appraisal Theory (AT), discusses the realization and distribution of engagement resources, explores the effective way to deliver China’s proposal to the international society, and clearly points out the great significance of proposing “A Community of Shared Future for Mankind” initiative.

The chosen keynote speeches which are respectively Jointly Shoulder Responsibility of Our Times, Promote Global Growth (at the opening session of the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2017), Work Together to Build a Community of Shared Future for Mankind (at the United Nations Office at Geneva 2017) and Build a Community of Shared Destiny for Common Progress (at China-Latin American and Caribbean Countries Leaders1 Meeting) have been issued in English version through Chinese authoritative media, Xinhua News and on the website of Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Moreover, with the guidance of quantitative method, all engagement resources will be identified and classified manually and tables will also be made to show the numbers and proportions.

This thesis is composed of five chapters. Chapter one works as the introduction part of the whole thesis, which will include research background, purpose and significance of this thesis, questions aimed to be discussed, research methodology, and organization of the thesis. Chapter two is the literature review. Overseas studies and domestic studies on engagement system in current years will be included in this part. Chapter three focuses on the thought of “A Community of Shared Future for Mankind”. A brief introduction of the formation of this initiative and the major overseas speech about it will be discussed in this chapter. Chapter four shows the analysis under the theoretical guidance of Appraisal Theory. The distribution of engagement resources in targeted discourse materials will be presented directly through tables and typical examples will also be given in this part. Chapter five is the final conclusion part which exhibits the findings and implications of this thesis.

2 Literature Review

2.1 Overseas Study on Engagement System of Appraisal Theory