摘 要

国际贸易是新闻界一个永恒的话题。如何报道国际贸易事件一直是媒体热衷研究讨论的重点问题之一，因为这不仅体现媒体新闻报道的专业水平，而且对塑造政府的公正、良好的形象有着重要意义。近来，美国发起单边贸易保护主义，针对长期的贸易逆差再度投出贸易“核武器”，这一举措严重违反世界贸易组织规则，威胁我国外贸经济的发展，而对于正处在经济高度转型发展关键阶段的中国来说，研究此次中美贸易战必然具有重要意义。在互联网等新媒体的强有力冲击下，作为现代新闻媒体传播重要形式之一的新闻稿已成为报纸的核心竞争力和灵魂所在，是其不可或缺的一部分。

《人民日报网》和《美国有线电视新闻网》作为中美主流新闻稿的代表，是两国最具权威性与影响力的媒体。这两个媒体对中美贸易的报道代表着各自国家的主要舆论。中美作为世界上最大的发展中国家和发达国家，对世界有着极大的影响力，两国在维护国际贸易方面做出贡献的同时，两国媒体又在本国的贸易报道方面展现出相同或不同的特点。

本文以《人民日报网》和《美国有线电视新闻网》为例，对中美贸易战背景下的新闻稿的语言特点及篇章结构进行分析。阐述了新闻稿的主要特点和基本规则，分析了中美新闻稿在词汇、语法、修辞、标题、导语和主体方面的异同点，旨在使中国读者了解中美新闻稿的基本特点，从而获得更好的阅读效果。

关键词：中美贸易战；人民日报网；美国有线电视新闻网；新闻稿；语言特点

Abstract

International trade is an eternal topic in the press. How to report international trade events has always been one of the key issues that the media are keen to study and discuss, because it not only reflects the professional level of media press releases, but also has important significance for building a fair and good image of the government. Recently, the United States initiated unilateral trade protectionism to re-invest trade "nuclear weapons" against the long-term trade deficit, which seriously violated the rules of the World Trade Organization and threatened the development of China's foreign trade economy. Under the strong impact of the Internet and other news media, press release, as one of the important forms of modern news media communication, has become the core competitiveness and soul of the media.

As representatives of the mainstream press releases， People's Daily Website and CNN are the most authoritative and influential media in China and the United States respectively.The two media's press release of Sino-Us trade war represents the main opinion in their respective countries. As the largest developing and developed countries in the world, China and the United States have great influence on the whole world. While the two countries have contributed to the maintenance of international trade a lot, the media of the two countries have shown different and similar characteristics in their own trade war press releases.

This paper, taking People’s Daily Website and CNN as examples, makes an analysis of the linguistic features and discourse structures of press release under the background of Sino-US trade war. While expounding the main features and basic rules of press release, it makes a comparative study of the two media's press releases in terms of vocabulary, grammar, rhetoric, as well as headline, news introduction and main body, aiming to make Chinese readers clearly understand the basic features of Sino-US press releases, so as to obtain better reading effects.

Key words: Sino-US Trade War;People’s Daily Website;CNN;Press Releases;Language features

Contents

1 Introduction 1

1.1Research background 1

1.2 Research purposes 1

2 Press Releases 2

2.1 General features of press releases 2

2.2 Basic rules of press releases 2

3 Comparative study of the language features of the press releases between People’s Daily Website and CNN 4

3.1 In terms of language features. 4

3.1.1 Vocabulary 4

3.1.2 Grammar 6

3.1.3 Rhetoric 9

3.2 In terms of discourse structures 11

3.2.1 Headline 11

3.2.2News Introduction 12

3.2.3 Main body 13

6. Conclusion 16

References 17

Acknowledgments 18

1 Introduction

1.1Research background

China and the United States are the largest developing and developed countries in the world, their bilateral trade has a decisive influence on both countries and even on the whole global economy. In the frequent trade interactions between the two countries, some disputes and frictions inevitably arise. Behind these trade disputes, there is often games of political status and comprehensive national strength between the two countries. The international and domestic background determines that this Sino-US trade war is inevitable, and that this trade war is likely to become a major landmark event in the process of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation from "standing up", "getting rich" to "getting stronger". The most prominent sign of "getting stronger" is the ability to influence and even determine the process of international rule-making and establishment. In this sense, it is not exaggerated to call this Sino-US trade as"epic trade war".So far,the media of China and the United States have made a lot of in-depth reports on bilateral trade issues.For example,People's Daily Website and CNN are the most authoritative and influential media in China and the United States as representatives of the mainstream press releases. The two media's press release of Sino-Us trade war represents the main opinion in their respective countries.On the one hand, the two media disclose the facts in time, on the other hand, they also reflect their attitudes and positions through the angle of press releases and the feature of language forms. What’s more, People also would like to immerse themselves into whatever happening in the world because of the deepened economic and cultural globalization. Press release is one of the most essential channels to get all the information needed,and it is beneficial to understand its linguistic features.

1.2 Research purposes

Press release is not only the effective way for spreading national information content, but also an important auxiliary tool for balancing the development of national economy. Press release provides enough information for the development of national economy, enhances the ability of news communication, and provides a healthier public opinion environment for the sound development of national market economy. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze and compare the characteristics of press releases in terms of vocabulary, grammar, rhetoric and headline,news introduction,main body,and aims to make Chinese readers clearly understand the basic features of Sino-US press releases, so as to obtain better reading effects.

2 Press Release

2.1 General features of press release

The so-called press release is the report of recent facts. News is the information formed by the report and dissemination of objective facts. The content reflected in news information must be truly conveyed. However, the objective facts themselves are not news, and the news reported is the conceptual information formed after the reporter reflects the objective facts. The general features of press releases can be summarized in four words: true, fast, new and short. The fact is the life of news. Press releases is different from literary creation,which can make up, exaggerate, add branches and leaves, and express personal thoughts and feelings. But these are not allowed in press releases. Press release provides people with objective facts and information, and pays more attention to the fact itself. Whether a press release is well written or not depends not entirely on whether it is beautifully worded and well-structured, but also on whether it is true or not."The most basic content of press releases writing is fact, the most basic material of press releases is fact, and the most decisive factor for the success or failure of press releases is fact."(Ai Feng)

2.2 Basic rules of press releases

After combing existing research and related concepts, it is easy to get the following basic rules of press releases.

Firstly, the basic elements of news should be true and accurate. The time, place, person, event, reason and result involved in news releases are the main factors that constitute news facts, and they should not be careless at all. In addition, the details of press releases should be accurate. A press release, in order to help people understand the news facts and reveal the profound meaning of news connotation, sometimes it is necessary to express the details of the facts and quote some facts related figures, historical facts, allusions and other materials. In this regard, they must be accurate.

Secondly, avoid "imagine reasonably". Speech, behavior, psychological activities, thoughts and feelings in press releases can not be imagined in the air, nor can they be reasonably imagined. Unfounded speculation will lead to false reports.