1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述包含参考文献）

1.introduction 1.1research background in hollywood, they have built up the chinese female images for a long history and the chinese female images have experienced a series of changes. in early years, the chinese female images tended to be negative and single. however, with the great development of china, the chinese female images have become more and more positive and colorful. at the same time, western mass media has paid more attention to chinese women. it is meaningful to explore the changing process of the chinese female images in hollywood movies. from history perspective, hollywood take the first step to create chinese female image in 1919. anna may wong was the famous movie star at that time. former us president george w. bush once praised her as one of the most famous chinese americans in hollywood. when she was young, movie was the most popular entertainment at that time. anna may wong was fascinated by it. in the american movie red lantern, she acted as an englishman's mistress with few lines. although it was just a small role, a door to hollywood has opened to anna may wong. this was indeed the first attempt of chinese women in hollywood. from that time, more and more chinese women were coming to hollywood. many famous chinese stars such as zhang ziyi, gongli, fan bingbing and tangwei has taken part in hollywood movies frequently and resident evil: retribution, transformers: age of extinction, x-men and a series of movies involving chinese women has stimulated a new round of strong enthusiasm for chinese women. according to this trend, there remained several questions which needed us to research. firstly, what types of chinese female images were created by hollywood movies. secondly, what was the history evaluation of chinese female images experienced by these chinese women. thirdly, what factors involved in these evolutionary processes had a impact on them. 1.2 research purpose it has been ninety years that the chinese women took part in hollywood movies. at that time, they have acted various images. with the widely spread of the hollywood movies, chinese actresses have been noticed by people all over the world. the innovation of this thesis is to analyze the main chinese female images in hollywood movies in different stages from the cross cultural perspective. besides this, this paper was based on the said#8217;s orientalism, roland bart#8217;s semiotics theory, principle of comparative iconography and ideology theory and tried to analyze the chinese female images in different stages. what#8217;s more, the paper also made a comparative research on the newest works which could clearly illustrated the evolutionary process of the chinese female images. therefore, we will know better about the processes of historical evaluation of the chinese female images. 1.3 significance of the research with the rising chinese power, china has participated in international affairs more and more frequently. and the connection of all the countries in the world has become closer and closer. the cultural communication of each countries also become more and more important. at this trend, a large group of chinese actresses took steps into the hollywood. though many year#8217;s efforts, a large group of chinese female actresses have appeared on the hollywood movies including li bingbing, tang wei, gong li, zhang ziyi and so on. they have successfully created various female images. however, these images only represented one part of the chinese female images and the formation of these images were created by foreign people#8217;s imagination. it was not real at all. according to the phenomenology, these images in the screen were production imagined by foreign countries and were the coordination of native country and foreign country. at this theory, alien image were actually built by foreign country. in order to meet the need of audience, the hollywood directors replaced the absent alien images with their own imagination in the help of their experience and culture knowledge. therefore, the significance of this paper was aimed to analyze the chinese female images in hollywood movies and to explore the hidden causes of economy, politics and culture. 2.literature review 2.1 overview of the chinese female images in hollywood movies hollywood build up the chinese female images for ninety years. from the history aspect, the earliest film broken flowers was the first attempt to build up chinese female images by hollywood in 1919. at the same year, anna may wong was the first chinese actress who successfully entered into hollywood. from that time on, more and more chinese actresses have taken part in hollywood movies such as zhang ziyi, gong li, fan bingbing and so on. they have successfully acted various images, from an exposed dusty woman to a dignified princess, from blind worshipper around western men to heroines who saved lives, from simple and honest rural women to well-dressed urban white-collar women. since 2013, a series of movies such as x-men, mission: impossible - fallout, resident evil 5 including the chinese actresses have ignited the pursuit and admire on the chinese actresses through the spread of american movies. the chinese female people and chinese elements have become more and more important in hollywood. therefore, it is important for us to dig into the process of images evaluation and explore the hidden causes of politics, economics and culture. 2.2 previous research at home and abroad the study of the chinese female images in hollywood movies has played an important role in cross-cultural communication. liu zhifeng (2012) focused on the famous chinese female stars in hollywood movies and analyzed the images they acted. besides that, she classified the roles in the movies into femme fatale, sexy girl and cinderella. because of the background of her major, she failed to investigate the evolution process of these images and illustrated the hidden causes of this phenomenon. liu min (2016) analyzed the different characteristics of chinese female in american movies in the aspects of foreign imagination, soft showing and cross cultures. chinese female took on different personalities in each aspects. kang qin (2015) mainly illustrated the female images in several classical chinese female works. he thinks that the chinese images will become more and more diversified. lu yi (2014) and chen lin (2013) mainly analyzed the female images of long nv and heroine. they managed to manifest that not all the chinese female images were bad and thought that it was cultural prejudice resulting that phenomenon. yang peng (2007) thought that the chinese female in american movies can be divided into two natures. one was the nature of been watched. the women in this nature were viewed as ”attraction” in the eyes of the western people. these women wished for rescue from the western people and they were only viewed as the plaything. the other nature was the society nature. in this nature, they always fell behind and didn#8217;t equal with western women. at last, the author pointed out that the chinese female still fell behind up to now. zhao fuxia (2015) indicated that the current hollywood movies still failed to give up the previous classification of the chinese female. the main images are waiting princess, cruel long nv and professional woman. li qi (2010) carried out the individual case in three hollywood movies. he analyzed the chinese female images in these movies and found the difference among them. at last, he concluded the historically cultural background behind the three works. gao xingmei (2015) hold that the chinese female images in hollywood movies are the foreign imagination by the western society. she pointed out that the western men has the superiority feeling on the oriental female. as far as the author, she thought the standing of the chinese female is rising and they gradually obtained the respect from western society. however, we can#8217;t neglected the influence of american culture on chinese culture. ma ting (2015) selected three works in different times and projected the individual case in a microscopic view. she thought that the chinese female images in hollywood movies became better and better according to the analysis of these three works. gao xinxin (2014) classified the chinese female in hollywood movies, including sad girl, heroine and siren and thought that the shape of the chinese female was too simple unreal and gradually friendly.. she attributed this trend to the cultural misreading. zhang hailin (2014) analyzed the characteristics of the chinese female through the research of the single movie of the joy luck club. therefore, we can concluded that the research on the chinese female images mainly on the literary field. the research on film field is not enough and mostly among the individual cases of the chinese female images in classical films, the integral research of the women in films and the classification research of the women in films. as we can see, there are still remained many questions. references said, e. w. (1994). culture and imperialism. american: vintage. said, e. w. (2007). orientalism :western conceptions of the orient. british: penguin classics. 方艺玲，（2008），美国电影中的中国人形象，硕士学位论文。

福州：福建师范大学。

滑明达，（2009），《美国电影的跨文化解读》。

2. 研究的基本内容、问题解决措施及方案

As for the research question, there has been ninety years for the Chinese actresses participating in Hollywood. They have acted various images up to now. With the spread of Hollywood movies, Chinese female images were gradually known by the world. So there were some questions needed to discuss about. Firstly, which types of Chinese female images were spread to all the world. Secondly, what were the processes of history evaluation about the Chinese female images. Thirdly, what formed these processes. Lastly, which aspects affected the evaluation process. Referring to research methods, this paper mainly used Said#8217;s orientalist, Roland Barthes#8217; semiotic theory, comparative imagery theory and ideological theory to interpret Chinese female images in the early times, Cold War period and new period through cross-cultural perspective. Besides that, this paper will concluded the characteristics of the Chinese female images in the Hollywood movies in the early times and dig into the changes of the Chinese female images from negative images to positive images in the background of the stronger and stronger international influence of China. What#8217;s more, the paper will put forward some suggestions on how to change the images of Chinese women which is single, not full and negative and how to display the image of Chinese women who are industrious, brave and have self-independent consciousness on the stage in the new period.