摘 要

追风筝的人讲述了一个关于友情和赎罪的动人心魄的凄凉故事。主要围绕着背叛和救赎来刻画人物的性格特征，以两对父子的爱恨情仇以及感情纠葛推动故事情节的发展。本文主要分析故事中父子三人的典型性格特征。阿米尔的胆小怕事以及为了父爱的一再算计和耍小把戏让懂事善良的阿桑看在眼里。天使般的阿桑什么都知道，只是不愿让他的好朋友并且是他永不知道的同父异母的弟弟受委屈。一如既往的替他出气，为他承担错误。然而那个在别人眼里品行高尚，事业有成的大慈善家 却是一个犯下滔天大罪的虚伪爸爸。主角鲜明的性格特征是全文的主要推动力。仁慈对抗伤害，勇敢对抗懦弱，诚实对抗欺骗，忠心对抗背叛，矛盾交差以及揪心的事实和意想不到的结果给人以精神的洗礼。

本文在细读小说的基础上通过分析主人翁对发生在自己身上的事情的反应以及处理态度，尝试着深入剖析他们三人的性格特征。正文的第一部分通过阿米尔对哈桑的所作所为来揭露写阿米尔的胆小怕事和自私敏感的懦弱性格。第二部分主要写了哈桑在阿米尔对他所做的这些卑劣事后他的反应并以此来阐述他简单而伟大和善良而忠诚的赤裸裸的原始个体所具备的美好品质。最后一部分是讲述善良与罪恶同在的父亲，他一方面很强势，一方面又很虚伪。他的性格在他的一生事迹中体现出来的也是复杂多变的。

关键词：阿米尔；哈桑；爸爸；性格特征

1. Introduction

1.1 General description of Khaled Hosseini

Khaled Hosseini born in Kabul in 1965, fled with his father from their home to the United States. He graduated from the Faculty of Medicine, University of California San Diego, now lives in California. The kite runner is Hosseini's first novel, is also the first English novel by Afghan-American writers, and published in 2003, for two consecutive years ranked the "New York Times" bestseller list in the United States. It sold more than 7 million in American and sold of more than 20 million in worldwide which has been translated into 42 languages.

Hosseini said, just like all the other writers, it interweave his own experience in novel creation. He and Amir are from Afghanistan. In this book the most similar episode is his experience in the life of the United States, just like the Amir and his father's efforts to create new life. His memories of childhood are very beautiful, that is because his memory is unlike the present generation of Afghan children with full of war, landmines and plague. He and his father have to work at a flea market, and a lot of Afghans gathered there to make a living some of those people are his relatives.

Since the book’s publication, Khaled Hosseini has been honored by the United Nation and presented with a World Humanitarian Award and the Rising Star award. It ranked the nation's major bestseller list and re-elected Amazon charts for 131 weeks ago, global sales of 60,000 and now DreamWorks turned into the movie. It’s called a record publishing miracle.

1.2 General description of the kite runner

This book describes the sensitive Amir who lacks a sense of security in love and he is haunted by the guilt of betraying his childhood friend Hassan, the son of his father’s hazava servant. His father is one of the richest and most respected merchants and he has a multiple personalities. The intricate relationship and a friendship have no prospect between the main characters makes a heartbreaking story. It revolves around betrayal and atonement of Afghanistan's modern tragedy, which vividly depicts the life in Afghanistan in the past quarter of a century. It is a novel about the wandering and salvation of selfhood. This wonderful novel describes the people by restoring history in different historical background of real life.

The story uses extremely lively word to focus on the real characters and strong story line that struck a chord. Amir、 Hassan and his father in the kite runner have vivid and lifelike personalities of their own, as well as their psychological description. Each of them harbors deep secret and lives in hell with personal pain and responds to the pressure in different ways. As the story progresses slowly, those untouchable secret corners are shown step by step. The climax is beautiful but heartbreaking. Amir lives in the dark corner of his heart to wait for the innermost redemption. At last he tried to adopt the orphan of Hassan so that his souls become more pure and he got the final redemption. He doesn’t feel guilty for his betrayal anymore. Since the novel has been published, the theme, which contains a distinct personality characters and symbols, different parts of religion, race, politics and the description of life as well as its unique narrative style, attracts the attention of thousands of readers.

2. Literature Review

2.1 Related studies

The publication of this successful literary works has aroused strong concern among readers. No matter the author's subjective creation realized the significance of the existence, the independent and objective value cannot be denied. Persons who believe to like the literature all know to have such a words: 1,000 Hamlets of 1,000 readers is especially. Researchers have been studying it from different angles.

Jin Jun (2012) based on the depth of exploration and detailed research, aims to analysis the multiple themes of the kite runner, his article interprets Khaled Hosseini and his works from the perspectives of growth, humanity and self-identity, which will help to have a more comprehensive and more profound understanding of this book. He outlined the current research, to find out the contact between the figure and the author, and the reasons of its creation as well as the impact of the content of the work through understanding author’s current situation and his own experience.

Yu Tin’s (2013) paper attempts to explore the kite runner from the perspective of Bildungsroman, which through three aspects to explore how to use this literary genre to show the development of the figure by the content of the novel, the characters and the structure. He explored the protagonist upbringing and redemption journey and described how the hero understood past sins and overcame their own weakness and finally got dual physical and psychological relief.

Shi Yanhua (2013) analyzed the Amir and his father's role behavior to investigate the behavior of the individual significance to the role of social relations, role strain and role conflict and other issues for solving the personal life and negative impact of personal development.

Zheng Suhua (2015) attempts to use Freud's theory of personality structure to explore the reasons for the young Amir’s self-lost, and how he formed a strong ego and completed self-redemption in his growth process. Freud's basic point is the theory of personality structure that is the personality consists of the inner self, ego and superego three parts. Personality structure theory has been widely applied to the analysis of the literature character to better grasp the character of growth and change.

2.2 The purpose of the thesis

Although so many researchers have analyzed this book from different angles in diverse ways. There still exist some details are not exposed. Most of them are research about humanity redemption or psychological relief. So this essay tends to analyze the simplest emotion that all sentient beings will have, which is the natural instinct. It tries to analyze the essential quality of the figure to show their untouchable innermost secrets’ corner that they try to hide and reveals their characteristics to deepening the theme. Only having fully understood the marvelous of depict, can we grasp the deep thinking of this book more thoroughly.

3. An analysis of the characters in the kite runner

3.1 Amir’s characteristics

3.1.1 Extreme timid and selfish

Amir’s timid and fearful throughout the entire plot. In the beginning of the story where they cut across a field to go to cinema, the soldiers insult Hassan by his mother’s wrong doing while Amir just whispered to Hassan “keep going”. In the end of the story, in order to avoid he was going to see some of the stresses that he has seen in the past, he once again hesitates to go back home. Only a weak person will make a detour when his self-esteem is threatened and don’t have enough courage to defend their dignity. Compared with the behind plot which Hassan fights with other people to protect Amir. He is as timid as a hare. Or more accurately, Amir is as timid as himself and no one can go beyond him. He is so timid and afraid so that every time he makes a mistake, Hassan protects him and admits that all the mistakes were made by him. He fights for Amir’s competition at the expense of his dignity. However, Amir, in order to get his father's recognition and praise, does watch his daily life playmate was raped. He just creeps into the alleys, holds his breath to peep in the corner and run away without any hesitations. In his unconscious mind, he thinks Assef is right that there is no such thing as a free lunch .Hassan is just a Hazara servant and he must pay the cost for what Amir want. To escape the pain, he does not hesitate to lies to deceive his father, and then let Hassan go. Without taking Hassan’s feelings and emotions into accounts, Amir just wants to satisfy his inner desire for his father’s love.

"How can you be friends with such a man?" in the depth of Amir’s heart, he is so kind to Hassan and treats him as a friend, or even better, like a brother. If, however, then why every father's friends came to visit with their children, when play the game with those children he never call Hassan play together? Why does he only bored or had no one else around to play with then call Hassan to play? "Many details showed the inner self of Amir (weak and timid). He was afraid they will think that he has made friends with a servant whose mother did such immoral thing.

In order to escape the guilt, he makes another fault, making Hassan leave by framing him. Performed honest makes him feel good, but in a pinch, he chooses to deceive, even Hassan always helps Amir out of trouble and when he is being bullied Hassan invariably stand in front of him and protect him. A chill truth is that in order to help Amir win the competition to prove his ability to his father, he is bore the tremendously reproach. Amir is so scared that he only hides and watches. He sees what happened but keeps it as a secret. He is eager to get some of their own interests by deceive. Years past, he is still haunted by betraying his childhood friend. He dare not admit what he has done, let alone standing out for Hassan. The guilt and remorse give him much pressure in the bottom of his heart.

3.1.2 Very sensitive and jealousy

Amir was quiet, bit of cowardice and he always thinks that he can’t obtain the paternal love that he deserves. Actually he is afraid of his father. Even just a few worlds or impatient sigh of his father could hurt his heart deeply. Amir thinks his father is hated him because his beloved wife died of difficult labor for him. As his father said “I can tell you with 100 per cent that you are not my son if I didn't see you popped out from your mother in my own eyes. He had none of his father’s boldness. His father is always every distant in manner towards him, Amir hasn’t hate his father but arouses he wants to get more and more father's love.