摘 要

本次毕业设计任务的内容是对四连杆门座起重机的总体设计和工字主梁转台的建模和参数化以及有限元分析。工字主梁转台是门座起重机重要的承载构件，对于起重机的回转机构和变幅机构十分重要。门座起重机是港口常用的用于装卸的起重运输设备，高效、多用途等突出特点使它在港口很受欢迎，目前，国外的起重机发展与国内相比国较为成熟，但在国内研究人员通过不懈努力的学习和研究下，国内的起重机正处于快速发展的阶段。或许目前国内起重机还存在某些问题，但只要不放弃，国内的起重机技术一定会快速达到顶尖水平。

本文是关于起重机总体设计及结构参数化建模领域的研究，在该研究中不仅会更加全面的学习到关于起重机及起重运输设备的知识，还会将知识与实际联系起来，这将有益于适应实际情况。而通过进行有限元分析，本文将研究起重机各结构的应力分布情况，从而学习起重机各结构受力载荷，这些研究会帮助人们了解如何设计更更安全起重机，为今后人们设计起重机提供宝贵的参考条件，提高设计的起重机的安全性与合理性，保障起重机在生活中的安全使用，为起重机发展进步贡献一份力量。

关键字：门座起重机总体设计；工字主梁转台建模；VB参数化；有限元分析

Abstract

The content of this graduation project is the overall design of the four-link portal crane and the modeling and parameterization of the I-beam girder, as well as the finite element analysis. The I-beam girder turntable is an important load-bearing component of the portal crane and is very important for the crane'sSlewing mechanism andluffingmechanism. Portal cranes are commonly used in the port for loading and unloading lifting equipment. Its high efficiency, versatility and other outstanding features make it very popular in the port. At present, the development of foreign cranes is relatively mature compared to domestic ones, but researchers in China Through unremitting efforts in the study and research, the domestic crane is in a stage of rapid development. Perhaps there are some problems with domestic cranes. Once they do not give up, domestic crane technology will quickly reach the top level.

This article is about the research of the crane's overall design and structure parametric modeling field. In this study, not only will the knowledge of cranes and lifting and transportation equipment be more fully learned, but also the knowledge will be linked to reality. This will benefit Adapt to the actual situation. Through the finite element analysis, this paper will study the stress distribution of various structures of the crane and learn the load of each structure of the crane. These studies will help people understand how to design safer cranes and provide valuable reference conditions for future crane design. Enhance the safety and rationality of designed cranes, ensure the safe use of cranes in life, and contribute to the development of cranes.

Key words: overall design of portal crane; modeling of I-beam girder turntable; VB parameterization; finite element analys

目录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1门座起重机的发展及研究现状 1

1.1.1国内外门座起重机发展概论 1

1.1.2国内门座起重机设计的现状 2

1.2参数化建模的意义 3

1.3 课题研究内容 3

第2章 门座起重机总体设计 4

2.1设计方法和优点 4

2.2 起重机总体设计任务和技术参数 5

2.3 设计的具体步骤 6

2.4 平衡系统的校验 9

2.4.1 平衡系统的校验内容 9

2.4.2 平衡系统的校验结果 11

2．5 臂架自重平衡 12

2.5.1 杠杆-活对重法设计臂架活对重 12

2.5.2 臂架平衡系统的校验 14

2.6 四连杆门座起重机整机设计总图 16

第3章 工字主梁转台结构建模与参数化 17

3.1 工字主梁转台建模 17

3.2 Visual Basic的工字主梁转台参数化 18

3.2.1工字主梁参数化过程 18

3.2.2 转台圆筒参数化 22

第4章 基于有限元的四连杆门座起重机分析 24

4.1 四连杆门座起重机的整机模型装配 24

4.2 有限元分析 24

第5章 起重机节能环保 26

第6章 总结 27

参考文献 28

致谢 29

第1章 绪论

1.1门座起重机的发展及研究现状

1.1.1国内外门座起重机发展概论